Department of Dermatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1132:89-98. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_10.
Skin is a large organ that is susceptible to damage by external forces, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune reactions. In general, tissue damage causes alterations in both the configuration and type of cells in lesional skin. This phenomenon, called tissue remodeling, is a universal biological response elicited by programmed cell death, inflammation, immune disorders, and tumorigenic, tumor proliferative, and cytoreductive activity. During this process, changes in the components that comprise the extracellular matrix are required to provide an environment that facilitates tissue remodeling. Among these extracellular matrix components, periostin (a glycoprotein secreted predominantly by dermal fibroblasts) has attracted much attention. In normal skin, periostin localizes mainly in the papillary dermis and basement membrane of the epidermis. However, it is expressed at higher levels in the dermis of lesional skin of those with atopic dermatitis, scars, systemic/limited scleroderma, melanoma, and cutaneous T cell lymphoma; expression is also increased by damage caused by allergic/autoimmune responses. Furthermore, periostin induces processes that result in development of dermal fibrosis; it also activates or protracts the immune response. The aim of this review is to summarize recent knowledge about the role of periostin in the pathogenesis of dermatoses.
皮肤是一个容易受到外部因素、慢性炎症和自身免疫反应损伤的大器官。一般来说，组织损伤会导致皮损皮肤中细胞的形态和类型发生改变。这种现象被称为组织重塑，是由程序性细胞死亡、炎症、免疫紊乱以及致瘤、肿瘤增殖和细胞减少活性引起的普遍的生物学反应。在此过程中，需要改变构成细胞外基质的成分，为组织重塑提供有利环境。在这些细胞外基质成分中，骨膜蛋白（一种主要由真皮成纤维细胞分泌的糖蛋白）引起了广泛关注。在正常皮肤中，骨膜蛋白主要定位于表皮的真皮乳头层和基底膜。然而，在特应性皮炎、瘢痕、系统性/局限性硬皮病、黑色素瘤和皮肤 T 细胞淋巴瘤患者皮损皮肤的真皮中，其表达水平更高；过敏/自身免疫反应引起的损伤也会增加其表达。此外，骨膜蛋白诱导导致真皮纤维化发展的过程；它还激活或延长免疫反应。本综述旨在总结骨膜蛋白在皮肤病发病机制中的作用的最新知识。
