Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Jul;102:184-194. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.017. Epub 2019 Apr 27.
Working memory is vital for basic functions in everyday life. During working memory, one holds a finite amount of information in mind until it is no longer required or when resources to maintain this information are depleted. Convergence of neuroimaging data indicates that working memory is supported by the motor system, and in particular, by regions that are involved in motor planning and preparation, in the absence of overt movement. These "secondary motor" regions are physically located between primary motor and non-motor regions, within the frontal lobe, cerebellum, and basal ganglia, creating a functionally organized gradient. The contribution of secondary motor regions to working memory may be to generate internal motor traces that reinforce the representation of information held in mind. The primary aim of this review is to elucidate motor-cognitive interactions through the lens of working memory using the Sternberg paradigm as a model and to suggest origins of the motor-cognitive interface. In addition, we discuss the implications of the motor-cognitive relationship for clinical groups with motor network deficits.
工作记忆对日常生活中的基本功能至关重要。在工作记忆期间，人们在不再需要信息或维持信息的资源耗尽之前，将有限数量的信息保留在头脑中。神经影像学数据的融合表明，工作记忆由运动系统支持，特别是由涉及运动规划和准备的区域支持，而无需明显的运动。这些“次要运动”区域在物理上位于初级运动和非运动区域之间，位于额叶、小脑和基底神经节内，形成一个功能组织的梯度。次要运动区域对工作记忆的贡献可能是生成内部运动痕迹，以加强储存在头脑中的信息的表示。本综述的主要目的是通过使用 Sternberg 范式作为模型，从工作记忆的角度阐明运动认知的相互作用，并提出运动认知界面的起源。此外，我们还讨论了运动认知关系对运动网络缺陷的临床群体的影响。
