Clinical and Experimental Sciences and Human Development in Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Both authors contributed equally.
Eur Respir J. 2019 Jul 4;54(1). doi: 10.1183/13993003.01375-2018. Print 2019 Jul.
Perceived self-efficacy is the belief that one can manage prospective situations. Good asthma self-management self-efficacy is associated with better asthma outcomes. However, a well-developed and validated tool to measure adolescent asthma self-management self-efficacy is lacking. Our objective was to develop and validate an Adolescent Asthma Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AASEQ).The first stage of the study included a review of the literature, interviews with adolescents with asthma and consultations with parents and relevant healthcare professionals to develop a prototype scale. To assess reliability and validity, a further group of adolescents completed the prototype scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale and KidCOPE (measures coping styles). Retesting was undertaken to assess longitudinal validity.Interviews with 28 adolescents and consultations with other stakeholders resulted in a 38-item prototype scale. Key themes were medication, symptom management, triggers, knowledge, attitude and beliefs around asthma, supportive relationships, schools and healthcare professionals. The prototype scale was completed by 243 adolescents. Factor and reliability analysis reduced it to a 27-item scale with four subsections: symptom management; medication; friends, family and school; and asthma beliefs. The 27-item scale had respectable to excellent internal consistency (α's 0.78-0.91) with results that were stable over time (intra-class correlation=0.82) in 63 subjects who completed it twice. Better adolescent asthma self-efficacy was associated with better general self-efficacy and indices of better asthma management.The AASEQ is a reliable and valid tool that is likely to aid future research and practice focused on adolescent asthma self-management and could be a useful intermediate outcome measure to assess the impact of behavioural interventions.
自我效能感是指人们认为自己能够应对未来的情况。良好的哮喘自我管理自我效能感与更好的哮喘结果相关。然而，目前缺乏一种完善且经过验证的工具来衡量青少年哮喘自我管理自我效能感。我们的目标是开发和验证青少年哮喘自我效能感问卷（AASEQ）。
研究的第一阶段包括对文献进行回顾、对哮喘青少年进行访谈，并与家长和相关医疗保健专业人员进行磋商，以制定原型量表。为了评估信度和效度，另一组青少年完成了原型量表、一般自我效能感量表和 KidCOPE（应对方式量表）。进行了重测以评估纵向效度。
对 28 名青少年进行访谈，并与其他利益相关者进行磋商，得出了一个包含 38 个项目的原型量表。关键主题包括药物、症状管理、诱因、对哮喘的知识、态度和信念、支持性的人际关系、学校和医疗保健专业人员。243 名青少年完成了原型量表。通过因子和可靠性分析，将其简化为 27 个项目的量表，分为四个部分：症状管理、药物、朋友、家庭和学校、哮喘信念。27 项量表的内部一致性较好（α 值为 0.78-0.91），在 63 名完成两次量表的受试者中，结果在时间上具有稳定性（组内相关系数=0.82）。更好的青少年哮喘自我效能感与更好的一般自我效能感和更好的哮喘管理指标相关。
AASEQ 是一种可靠且有效的工具，可能有助于未来专注于青少年哮喘自我管理的研究和实践，并且可以作为评估行为干预影响的有用中间结果衡量标准。
