Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi), Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd 89195-741, Iran.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Apr 30;19(9):2037. doi: 10.3390/s19092037.
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemical messengers which play an important role in many of the brain functions, abnormal levels being correlated with physical, psychotic and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease. Therefore, their sensitive and robust detection is of great clinical significance. Electrochemical methods have been intensively used in the last decades for neurotransmitter detection, outclassing more complicated analytical techniques such as conventional spectrophotometry, chromatography, fluorescence, flow injection, and capillary electrophoresis. In this manuscript, the most successful and promising electrochemical enzyme-free and enzymatic sensors for neurotransmitter detection are reviewed. Focusing on the activity of worldwide researchers mainly during the last ten years (2010-2019), without pretending to be exhaustive, we present an overview of the progress made in sensing strategies during this time. Particular emphasis is placed on nanostructured-based sensors, which show a substantial improvement of the analytical performances. This review also examines the progress made in biosensors for neurotransmitter measurements and .
神经递质是内源性化学信使，在许多大脑功能中发挥着重要作用，其异常水平与阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和亨廷顿病等身体、精神病和神经退行性疾病有关。因此，它们的敏感和稳健检测具有重要的临床意义。电化学方法在过去几十年中被广泛用于神经递质检测，优于传统分光光度法、色谱法、荧光法、流动注射法和毛细管电泳等更复杂的分析技术。本文综述了最成功和最有前途的电化学无酶和酶传感器用于神经递质检测。主要关注过去十年（2010-2019 年）全球研究人员的研究活动，并非详尽无遗，我们概述了这段时间内在传感策略方面取得的进展。特别强调基于纳米结构的传感器，它们显著提高了分析性能。本综述还考察了用于神经递质测量的生物传感器的进展。
