UEI Parasitologia Médica, Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.
Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France.
Parasit Vectors. 2019 May 3;12(1):202. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3454-3.
The frequency and intensity of arboviral epidemics is steadily increasing and posing an intractable public health burden. Current vector control methods are proving ineffectual and despite progress in the development of high technology approaches, there is an urgent need for the development of tools for immediate implementation. Several studies suggest that the auto-dissemination of pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a promising new approach to larviciding although there is little detail on the conditions under which it is optimally effective. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of the approach in urban and rural sites in Madeira, Portugal.
Auto-dissemination of PPF through adapted Biogents Sentinel traps (BGSTs) resulted in a modest but consistent impact on both juvenile and adult mosquito populations, but with considerable spatial heterogeneity. This heterogeneity was related to the distance from the BGST dissemination station as well as the local density of adult mosquitoes. There was evidence that the impact of PPF was cumulative over time both locally and with gradual spatial expansion.
The density of adult mosquitoes and the spatial distribution of dissemination devices are key factors in mediating efficacy. In addition, urban topography may affect the efficiency of auto-dissemination by impeding adult mosquito dispersal. Further studies in a range of urban landscapes are necessary to guide optimal strategies for the implementation of this potentially efficacious and cost-effective approach to larviciding.
虫媒病毒的流行频率和强度正在稳步上升，对公共卫生造成了难以解决的负担。目前的病媒控制方法效果不佳，尽管在高科技方法的开发方面取得了进展，但迫切需要开发可立即实施的工具。有几项研究表明，吡丙醚（PPF）的自动传播是一种有前途的新的杀幼虫方法，尽管关于其最佳效果的条件的细节很少。在这里，我们评估了这种方法在葡萄牙马德拉岛城乡地区的效果。
通过改良的 Biogents 哨兵诱捕器（BGST）自动传播 PPF 对幼虫和成虫蚊子种群都产生了适度但一致的影响，但存在相当大的空间异质性。这种异质性与 BGST 传播站的距离以及成年蚊子的本地密度有关。有证据表明，PPF 的影响随着时间的推移在本地和空间上逐渐扩展而累积。
成年蚊子的密度和传播装置的空间分布是介导效果的关键因素。此外，城市地形可能会通过阻碍成年蚊子的扩散来影响自动传播的效率。需要在一系列城市景观中进行进一步的研究，以指导实施这种潜在有效且具有成本效益的杀幼虫方法的最佳策略。
