Division of Infectious Diseases, Wadsworth Center, NY State Department of Health, Health Research Inc, United States.
Cornell University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, United States.
Semin Diagn Pathol. 2019 May;36(3):193-196. doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2019.04.013. Epub 2019 Apr 20.
Transboundary animal diseases are those that can move through a population of animals and cause considerable economic and societal harm. Many have high mortality, and in low-income areas, can quickly destroy herds and flocks of agricultural animals. Although much of One Health, which sits at the intersection of human, animal, and environmental health, focuses on the zoonotic diseases, in fact transboundary animal diseases can harm both humans and the environment through robbing communities of livelihoods and nutrition, and creating environmental contamination through extensive carcass disposal requirements. Transboundary animal diseases continue to circulate in the world, predominantly in low-income regions or in areas with less than optimal biosecurity. This paper will review three prominent emerging and re-emerging transboundary animal diseases, describing their pathology and diagnostics, as well as economic and food security impacts, which are substantial. Attention to these devastating diseases should be a One Health priority.
跨境动物疾病是指那些能够在动物种群中传播并造成重大经济和社会危害的疾病。许多疾病的死亡率很高，在低收入地区，它们可以迅速摧毁农业动物的畜群。虽然大部分关注人类、动物和环境健康交叉点的“同一健康”都集中在人畜共患病上，但事实上，跨境动物疾病可以通过剥夺社区的生计和营养，以及通过广泛的尸体处理要求造成环境污染，从而危害人类和环境。跨境动物疾病继续在世界范围内传播，主要在低收入地区或生物安全水平较低的地区。本文将回顾三种突出的新发和再发跨境动物疾病，描述其病理学和诊断方法，以及对经济和粮食安全的重大影响。对这些破坏性疾病的关注应该是同一健康的优先事项。
