Lave L B
Accid Anal Prev. 1987 Feb;19(1):29-37. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(87)90015-7.
Economists emphasize the costs in dollars or other desirable outcomes of additional safety in contrast to safety experts who remind people to design safe products and operate them safely. Society loses emotionally and financially from traumatic injury. The emotional loss must be balanced against allowing individuals free choice and encouraging them to develop judgment. Individuals are viewed as making their own best safety decisions, although they must have good information and face the correct indentives. Currently, society subsidizes risk taking in many ways, thereby discouraging safety. Health and life insurance ought to be required along with liability insurance, to correct the incentives to drivers. In addition, regulation is required to deal with physical externalities.
经济学家强调增加安全性所带来的以美元或其他理想结果衡量的成本，而安全专家则提醒人们设计安全的产品并安全地操作它们。社会因创伤性伤害在情感和经济方面遭受损失。情感损失必须与允许个人自由选择并鼓励他们培养判断力相权衡。尽管个人必须掌握充分信息并面对正确的激励措施，但他们被视为在做出自己的最佳安全决策。目前，社会在许多方面补贴冒险行为，从而不利于安全。应该要求提供健康和人寿保险以及责任保险，以纠正对司机的激励措施。此外，需要进行监管以应对物理外部性。
