Bhatti Fizzah, Shah Munam Ali, Maple Carsten, Islam Saif Ul
Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road Tarlai Kalan, Islamabad 44550, Pakistan.
WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 May 3;19(9):2071. doi: 10.3390/s19092071.
Internet of Things-enabled Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are gaining significant attention in academic literature and industry, and are seen as a solution to enhancing road safety in smart cities. Due to the ever increasing number of vehicles, a significant rise in the number of road accidents has been observed. Vehicles embedded with a plethora of sensors enable us to not only monitor the current situation of the vehicle and its surroundings but also facilitates the detection of incidents. Significant research, for example, has been conducted on accident rescue, particularly on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) for efficient and prompt rescue operations. The majority of such works provide sophisticated solutions that focus on reducing response times. However, such solutions can be expensive and are not available in all types of vehicles. Given this, we present a novel Internet of Things-based accident detection and reporting system for a smart city environment. The proposed approach aims to take advantage of advanced specifications of smartphones to design and develop a low-cost solution for enhanced transportation systems that is deployable in legacy vehicles. In this context, a customized Android application is developed to gather information regarding speed, gravitational force, pressure, sound, and location. The speed is a factor that is used to help improve the identification of accidents. It arises because of clear differences in environmental conditions (e.g., noise, deceleration rate) that arise in low speed collisions, versus higher speed collisions). The information acquired is further processed to detect road incidents. Furthermore, a navigation system is also developed to report the incident to the nearest hospital. The proposed approach is validated through simulations and comparison with a real data set of road accidents acquired from Road Safety Open Repository, and shows promising results in terms of accuracy.
基于物联网的智能交通系统（ITS）在学术文献和行业中受到了广泛关注，并被视为提升智慧城市道路安全的一种解决方案。由于车辆数量的不断增加，道路事故数量显著上升。嵌入大量传感器的车辆不仅使我们能够监测车辆及其周围环境的当前状况，还便于检测事故。例如，在事故救援方面已经开展了大量研究，特别是在利用信息通信技术（ICT）进行高效、及时的救援行动方面。大多数此类工作提供了专注于缩短响应时间的复杂解决方案。然而，此类解决方案可能成本高昂，且并非所有类型的车辆都具备。鉴于此，我们提出了一种面向智慧城市环境的基于物联网的新型事故检测与报告系统。所提出的方法旨在利用智能手机的先进特性来设计和开发一种低成本解决方案，用于增强可部署在传统车辆中的交通系统。在此背景下，开发了一个定制的安卓应用程序来收集有关速度、重力、压力、声音和位置的信息。速度是一个有助于改进事故识别的因素。它产生的原因是低速碰撞与高速碰撞中出现的环境条件（如噪音、减速速率）存在明显差异。所获取的信息经过进一步处理以检测道路事故。此外，还开发了一个导航系统，将事故报告给最近的医院。所提出的方法通过模拟以及与从道路安全开放存储库获取的真实道路事故数据集进行比较得到了验证，并且在准确性方面显示出了有前景的结果。
