University of Colorado Boulder, United States.
University of Colorado Boulder, United States.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2019 Jun;37:100647. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100647. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
To better characterize the neural correlates of the full spectrum of reading ability, this fMRI study examined how variations in reading ability correlate with task-based brain activity during reading among a large community sample of adolescents (N = 234). In addition, complimentary approaches taking advantage of empirical as well as independent meta-analytic information were employed to isolate neural substrates of domain-general executive processes that are predictive of reading ability. Age-related differences in brain activity were also examined. Better reading was associated with increased activation in left anterior and inferior temporal regions and parts of orbitofrontal cortex, along with reduced activation in the thalamus and left frontal eye field (FEF). Converging evidence suggests that FEF activity corresponds to executive processes during reading. In contrast, activity in temporal regions is likely to reflect cognitive processes specific to reading. Older adolescents also demonstrated increased activation in an orbitofrontal region that overlaps with the aforementioned age-independent, reading-related regions, along with reduced activity in parietal and occipital regions. These results suggest that comparedto poor readers, proficient readers benefit from efficient reading-specific processes and require less executive effort, implemented via the FEF, during a reading comprehension task.
为了更好地描述阅读能力的全貌的神经相关性，这项 fMRI 研究调查了在阅读过程中，阅读能力的变化与基于任务的大脑活动如何相关，研究对象是一个大型青少年社区样本（N=234）。此外，还采用了互补的方法，利用经验和独立的元分析信息，来分离对阅读能力具有预测作用的一般领域执行过程的神经基质。还研究了与年龄相关的大脑活动差异。更好的阅读能力与左前颞叶和下颞叶区域以及眶额皮层部分的激活增加有关，同时丘脑和左额眼区（FEF）的激活减少。一致性的证据表明，FEF 的活动与阅读过程中的执行过程相对应。相比之下，颞叶区域的活动可能反映了阅读特有的认知过程。年龄较大的青少年在前额叶区域的活动也增加了，该区域与上述与年龄无关的、与阅读相关的区域重叠，同时顶叶和枕叶区域的活动减少。这些结果表明，与阅读能力较差的人相比，阅读能力较强的人受益于高效的阅读特定过程，并且在阅读理解任务中，通过 FEF 执行较少的执行工作。
