Enteric Diseases Epidemiology Branch,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta,Georgia,USA.
Enteric Diseases Laboratory Branch,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,Atlanta,Georgia,USA.
Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Jan;147:e187. doi: 10.1017/S0950268819000724.
Although researchers have described numerous risk factors for salmonellosis and for infection with specific common serotypes, the drivers of Salmonella serotype diversity among human populations remain poorly understood. In this retrospective observational study, we partition records of serotyped non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from human clinical specimens reported to CDC national surveillance by demographic, geographic and seasonal characteristics and adapt sample-based rarefaction methods from the field of community ecology to study how Salmonella serotype diversity varied within and among these populations in the USA during 1996-2016. We observed substantially higher serotype richness in children <2 years old than in older children and adults and steadily increasing richness with age among older adults. Whereas seasonal and regional variation in serotype diversity was highest among infants and young children, variation by specimen source was highest in adults. Our findings suggest that the risk for infection from uncommon serotypes is associated with host and environmental factors, particularly among infants, young children and older adults. These populations may have a higher proportion of illness acquired through environmental transmission pathways than published source attribution models estimate.
尽管研究人员已经描述了许多导致沙门氏菌病和感染特定常见血清型的风险因素，但人群中沙门氏菌血清型多样性的驱动因素仍知之甚少。在这项回顾性观察研究中，我们根据人口统计学、地理位置和季节性特征，对报告给疾病预防控制中心国家监测的人类临床标本中分离的血清型非伤寒沙门氏菌进行了记录，并采用社区生态学领域的基于样本的稀疏方法来研究美国 1996-2016 年期间这些人群中的沙门氏菌血清型多样性如何在内部和之间发生变化。我们观察到，<2 岁的儿童的血清型丰富度明显高于年龄较大的儿童和成年人，而老年人的血清型丰富度随年龄逐渐增加。尽管季节和地域变化对血清型多样性的影响在婴儿和幼儿中最高，但不同标本来源的变化在成年人中最高。我们的研究结果表明，感染不常见血清型的风险与宿主和环境因素有关，特别是在婴儿、幼儿和老年人中。这些人群可能比已发表的来源归因模型估计的通过环境传播途径获得疾病的比例更高。
