Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Animal Science Unit, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Scheldeweg 68, B-9090 Melle, Belgium.
Poult Sci. 2019 Sep 1;98(9):3811-3817. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez090.
The grains that form the basis of most commercial chicken diets are rich in cellulose, an unbranched β-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose polymer, used as a structural molecule in plants. Although it is a predominant polysaccharide in cereal hulls, it is considered an inert non-fermentable fiber. The aim of the current study was to analyze the effect of in-feed supplementation of cellulose on the gut microbiota composition of broilers. Administration of cellulose to chickens, on top of a wheat-based diet, changed the caecal microbiota composition, as determined using pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. At day 26, a significantly (P < 0.01) higher relative abundance of the Alistipes genus was observed in the caeca of broilers fed the cellulose-supplemented diet, compared to animals fed the control diet. An in vitro batch fermentation assay showed a significant (P < 0.01) growth stimulation of Alistipes finegoldii in the presence of cellulose. In conclusion, in-feed supplementation of cellulose alters the microbiota composition at the level of the phylum Bacteroidetes, specifically the Alistipes genus. This suggests that cellulose is not essentially inert but can alter the gut micro-environment.
大多数商业鸡饲料的基础谷物富含纤维素，这是一种无支链的β-1,4 连接的 D-葡萄糖聚合物，用作植物中的结构分子。尽管它是谷物外壳中主要的多糖，但它被认为是一种惰性不可发酵的纤维。本研究的目的是分析饲料中添加纤维素对肉鸡肠道微生物群组成的影响。在小麦基础日粮的基础上，给鸡添加纤维素，通过对 16S rRNA 基因的焦磷酸测序，改变了盲肠微生物群的组成。在第 26 天，与对照组相比，添加纤维素日粮组的盲肠中 Alistipes 属的相对丰度显著增加（P < 0.01）。体外批量发酵试验表明，纤维素的存在显著刺激了 Alistipes finegoldii 的生长（P < 0.01）。总之，饲料中添加纤维素会改变厚壁菌门的微生物组成，特别是 Alistipes 属。这表明纤维素不是本质上惰性的，而是可以改变肠道微环境。
