减少市级预期寿命中的社会经济不平等：巴西的经验。
Reducing socioeconomic inequalities in life expectancy among municipalities: the Brazilian experience.
机构信息
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
Post-Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
出版信息
Int J Public Health. 2019 Jun;64(5):713-720. doi: 10.1007/s00038-019-01244-x. Epub 2019 May 7.
OBJECTIVES
This study analyzed the evolution of regional and socioeconomic inequality in life expectancy (LE) at birth and the probability of living up to 40 (LU40) and up to 60 years of age (LU60) in Brazilian municipalities between 1991 and 2010.
METHODS
We analyzed data from the last three national census (1991, 2000 and 2010) computed for the 5565 Brazilian municipalities. They were divided into centiles according to the average per capita income. Poisson regression was performed to calculate the ratios between the poorest and the richest centiles.
RESULTS
The average LE (+ 8.8 years), LU40 [6.7 percentage points (pp)] and LU60 increased (12.2 pp) between 1991 and 2010. The ratio of LE between the 1% of richest counties and the 1% of poorest counties decreased from 1.20 in 1991 to 1.09 in 2010. While in the poorest municipalities there was a gain of around 12 years of life, among the richest this increase was around 7 years.
CONCLUSIONS
There was a remarkable decrease in regional and socioeconomic inequality in LE, LU40 and LU60 in Brazil between 1991 and 2010.
目的
本研究分析了 1991 年至 2010 年期间，巴西各城市出生时预期寿命（LE）和活到 40 岁（LU40）和 60 岁（LU60）的概率的区域和社会经济不平等的演变。
方法
我们分析了最近三次全国人口普查（1991 年、2000 年和 2010 年）的数据，这些数据是针对巴西的 5565 个城市计算的。它们根据人均收入的平均值分为百分位数。使用泊松回归计算最贫困和最富裕百分位数之间的比例。
结果
1991 年至 2010 年间，平均 LE（+8.8 岁）、LU40（6.7 个百分点）和 LU60（12.2 个百分点）增加。1991 年，最富有的 1%县和最穷的 1%县之间的 LE 比例为 1.20，到 2010 年降至 1.09。最贫困城市的预期寿命增加了约 12 年，而最富裕城市的预期寿命增加了约 7 年。
结论
1991 年至 2010 年间，巴西的 LE、LU40 和 LU60 的区域和社会经济不平等显著减少。
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