Pérez Pico Ana Maria, Mingorance Álvarez Ester, Caballé Cervigón Nuria, Mayordomo Acevedo Raquel
1 Podiatrist, Department of Nursing, University of Extremadura, Plasencia, Cáceres, Spain.
2 University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Low Extrem Wounds. 2019 Jun;18(2):161-170. doi: 10.1177/1534734619845600. Epub 2019 May 8.
Hiking has become very popular due to the physical and mental health benefits it provides. Skin lesions may occur with hiking and various factors contribute to their development. Although some lesions may appear to have little importance, something as simple as chaffing can cause serious ulcers in people with at-risk feet. Few studies have analyzed preexisting physical characteristics in hiking and addressed the development of lesions in hikers. This observational and longitudinal study examines the development of foot lesions during hiking, taking into account the influence of existing skin disorders, nail disorders, and/or toe deformities and other intrinsic factors of participants. The feet of 109 hikers doing a 29.6-km hike were analyzed, considering the intrinsic factors of participants and the possible influence of these factors in the development of foot lesions during the walk. The results show that some preexisting physical factors of participants such as gender, existing systemic disease, preexisting keratosis, dermatosis, nontraumatic and traumatic onychopathies, and toe deformities significantly predispose to the development of skin lesions. These factors also predispose to muscle lesions except for nontraumatic and traumatic onychopathies and toe deformities. Due to the influence of preexisting physical factors, such as preexisting keratosis, dermatosis, and toe deformities, in the development of foot lesions in hikers, it is worthwhile and advisable to check these factors before a hike to reduce the incidence of foot disorders. Ensuring adequate podiatry treatment a few days before the walk and warmup of muscles properly before starting are recommended.
徒步旅行因其对身心健康有益而变得非常受欢迎。徒步旅行时可能会出现皮肤损伤，多种因素会导致其发生。尽管有些损伤看似不太严重，但像摩擦这样简单的情况也可能在脚部有风险的人群中引发严重溃疡。很少有研究分析徒步旅行中预先存在的身体特征并探讨徒步者损伤的发生情况。这项观察性纵向研究考察了徒步过程中足部损伤的发生情况，同时考虑了现有皮肤疾病、指甲疾病和/或脚趾畸形以及参与者的其他内在因素的影响。对109名进行29.6公里徒步旅行的徒步者的足部进行了分析，考虑了参与者的内在因素以及这些因素在徒步过程中对足部损伤发生的可能影响。结果表明，参与者的一些预先存在的身体因素，如性别、现有的全身性疾病、预先存在的角化病、皮肤病、非创伤性和创伤性甲病以及脚趾畸形，显著增加了皮肤损伤发生的易感性。除了非创伤性和创伤性甲病以及脚趾畸形外，这些因素也增加了肌肉损伤的易感性。由于预先存在的身体因素，如预先存在的角化病、皮肤病和脚趾畸形，对徒步者足部损伤的发生有影响，因此在徒步旅行前检查这些因素以降低足部疾病的发生率是值得且明智的。建议在徒步前几天确保进行适当的足病治疗，并在出发前对肌肉进行适当热身。
