Bergler R
Zentralbl Bakteriol Mikrobiol Hyg B Umwelthyg Krankenhaushyg Arbeitshyg Prav Med. 1986 Dec;183(2-3):304-25.
The research data are based on a representative psychological study (280 persons without domestic animals, 345 dog owners and 305 persons keeping other pets in their homes) and on an interdisciplinary pilot study in 30 households provided with dogs. The following major results deserve attention: Man and dog share a relationship of interaction and of mutual dependence. Animals are determined and shaped by man and vice versa. The dog contributes a great deal to the satisfaction of crucial human needs, to quality of life and well-being. As to adequate keeping of dogs suited to the animal there are still deficiencies in terms of knowledge; in addition, discernible tendencies towards humanization in pets frequently forestall desirable behavior. To convey and to enlarge existing awareness and existing behavioral norms in connection with animal-adjusted behavior, adequate feeding, proper care, vaccination prophylaxis but also in connection with personal hygienic necessities in dealing with the pet is therefore of particular significance. The bacteriological as well as the psychological results reveal that if nutrition, care and prophylaxis appropriate to the animal and personal physical hygiene are observed correctly, health hazards for man caused by the animal and vice versa are practically impossible to occur. Traceable pathogenic findings are results of human lapses and shortcomings; in the cases in which pathogenic germs occur the psychological man-dog-relationship is less positive the hygienic requirements and standards in connection with dog keeping are less differentiated on account of a limited personal sensitivity to hygiene there is neither constant care nor is time and attention devoted to the dog to the same invariable extent and deficiencies in terms of healthy nutrition become apparent. The relationship between man and animal--similar to human relations--is still characterized by prejudice, lack of information and thus insecurity with regard to correct behavior and also by mistakes and lapses. Particularly the veterinarians are called for--because of the greater impact of personal conversation and communication; not least also on behalf of competence in the field of behaviorism required and expected from them.
研究数据基于一项具有代表性的心理学研究（280名无家养动物者、345名养狗者以及305名家中饲养其他宠物者）以及一项针对30个养狗家庭的跨学科试点研究。以下主要结果值得关注：人与狗存在互动和相互依赖的关系。动物由人决定并塑造，反之亦然。狗对满足人类关键需求、生活质量和幸福感有很大贡献。在适合动物的养狗方面，知识上仍存在不足；此外，宠物中明显的人性化倾向常常阻碍理想行为的出现。因此，传达并扩大与适合动物的行为、适当喂养、正确护理、疫苗预防相关的现有意识和行为规范，以及与处理宠物时的个人卫生需求相关的意识和规范，具有特别重要的意义。细菌学和心理学结果表明，如果正确遵守适合动物的营养、护理和预防措施以及个人身体卫生要求，动物对人类造成健康危害以及反之亦然的情况几乎不可能发生。可追溯的致病发现是人类失误和缺点的结果；在出现致病病菌的案例中，人与狗的心理关系不太积极，由于个人对卫生的敏感度有限，与养狗相关的卫生要求和标准区分不明显，既没有持续的护理，也没有始终如一地投入时间和精力照顾狗，并且在健康营养方面的不足也很明显。人与动物的关系——类似于人际关系——仍然存在偏见、信息不足，因此在正确行为方面缺乏安全感，还存在错误和失误。特别是需要兽医——因为个人交谈和沟通的影响更大；尤其是考虑到对他们在行为主义领域所需和期望的能力的要求。
