University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Eclectica, Torino, Italy.
Eur J Public Health. 2019 Dec 1;29(6):1125-1129. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz067.
To compare patterns of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm from a survey of university students sampled from universities in Denmark, England, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Switzerland.
A total of 2191 university students (70% female, 90% white ethnic group, age range 18-25) completed the survey. Participants completed measures of demographic variables (age, age of onset, ethnic group and sex) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), which was the primary outcome.
Sixty-three percent of the sample scored negative for harmful drinking on the AUDIT (<8), with 30% categorized as hazardous drinkers, 4% harmful drinkers and 3% with probable dependence. Analysis of variance, including demographic factors as covariates, identified a main effect of country on AUDIT scores F(5, 2086) = 70.97, P < 0.001, partial eta square = 0.15. AUDIT scores were highest in England (M = 9.99; SD = 6.17) and Denmark (M = 9.52; SD = 4.86) and lowest in Portugal (M = 4.90; ° = 4.60). Post hoc tests indicated large effect size differences between scores in Denmark and England and scores in all other countries (0.79 < d < 0.94; all P's < 0.001).
European university students in our sample mainly reported low risk patterns of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. However, students from Northern European countries had significantly higher AUDIT scores compared with students from Central and Southern European countries. Research is needed to replicate the present study using nationally representative samples to estimate the prevalence of alcohol use disorders among university students in different European countries.
本研究比较了丹麦、英国、德国、意大利、葡萄牙和瑞士六所大学的学生饮酒模式和与饮酒相关的伤害。
共有 2191 名大学生（70%为女性，90%为白种人，年龄 18-25 岁）完成了问卷调查。参与者完成了人口统计学变量（年龄、饮酒起始年龄、种族和性别）和酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）的测量，后者是主要的结果测量指标。
在 AUDIT 测试中，63%的样本显示无有害饮酒（<8），其中 30%为危险饮酒者，4%为有害饮酒者，3%为可能依赖者。包括人口统计学因素作为协变量的方差分析，确定了国家对 AUDIT 评分的主效应 F(5, 2086) = 70.97，P < 0.001，部分 eta 平方= 0.15。AUDIT 评分在英国（M = 9.99；SD = 6.17）和丹麦（M = 9.52；SD = 4.86）最高，在葡萄牙（M = 4.90；SD = 4.60）最低。事后检验表明，丹麦和英国与其他所有国家（0.79 < d < 0.94；所有 P 值均<0.001）的评分之间存在显著的大效应量差异。
本研究样本中的欧洲大学生主要报告了低风险的饮酒模式和与饮酒相关的伤害。然而，与来自中欧和南欧国家的学生相比，北欧国家的学生 AUDIT 评分显著更高。需要进行研究，使用全国代表性样本重复本研究，以估计不同欧洲国家大学生中酒精使用障碍的患病率。
