Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria (Enugu Campus), Nigeria.
Department of Physiotherapy, School of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2019 May 14;14(5):e0216482. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216482. eCollection 2019.
Low back pain (LBP) is highly prevalent in Nigeria and is more devastating in rural Nigeria due to adverse living and working conditions, reinforced by maladaptive illness beliefs. There is a need to develop measures for assessing such beliefs in this population. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and test its psychometric properties in mixed rural and urban Nigerian populations with chronic LBP.
Translation, cultural adaptation, test-retest, and cross-sectional psychometric testing. FABQ was forward and back translated by clinical/non-clinical translators. A review committee evaluated the translations. Twelve people with chronic LBP in a rural Nigerian community pre-tested the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha assessing internal consistency; intra-class correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots assessing test-retest reliability; and minimal detectable change were investigated in a convenient sample of 50 chronic low back pain sufferers in rural and urban Nigeria. Construct validity was examined using Pearson's correlation analyses with the eleven-point box scale and Igbo Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (Igbo-RMDQ), and exploratory factor analysis in a random sample of 200 adults with chronic low back pain in rural Nigeria. Ceiling and floor effects were investigated in all samples.
Amendments allowed interviewer-administration. Item 8 was modified to 'I have a compensation or gains I get from having my pain' as there is no benefit system in Nigeria. Igbo phrase for 'physical activity' could also mean 'being active', 'moving the body' or 'moving about' and was used in the items with 'physical activity'. The Igbo-FABQ had good internal consistency (α = 0.80-0.86); intra class correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.71-0.72); standard error of measurements (3.21-7.40) and minimal detectable change (8.90-20.51). It correlated moderately with pain intensity and disability, with a two-factor structure and no floor and ceiling effects.
Igbo-FABQ is valid, reliable, and can be used clinically and for research.
腰痛（LBP）在尼日利亚非常普遍，在农村尼日利亚由于恶劣的生活和工作条件，加上对疾病的不适应信念，情况更加严重。因此，需要开发一种针对该人群的评估这些信念的方法。本研究旨在跨文化适应恐惧回避信念问卷（FABQ），并在患有慢性 LBP 的混合农村和城市尼日利亚人群中测试其心理测量特性。
翻译、文化适应、重测和横截面心理测量测试。FABQ 由临床/非临床翻译进行正向和反向翻译。一个审查委员会评估了这些翻译。在尼日利亚农村社区的 12 名慢性 LBP 患者对问卷进行了预测试。内部一致性用 Cronbach's alpha 评估；重测信度用内类相关系数和 Bland-Altman 图评估；最小可检测变化在尼日利亚农村和城市的 50 名慢性 LBP 患者的方便样本中进行了研究。使用 Pearson 相关分析与 11 点框量表和 Igbo 罗兰莫里斯残疾问卷（Igbo-RMDQ）进行结构效度检验，并在尼日利亚农村的 200 名慢性 LBP 患者的随机样本中进行探索性因子分析。在所有样本中调查了天花板和地板效应。
修改允许采访者管理。第 8 项修改为“我有补偿或从疼痛中获得的收益”，因为尼日利亚没有补偿制度。“物理活动”的伊博短语也可以表示“积极活动”、“身体移动”或“四处走动”，并用于“物理活动”项目。伊博-FABQ 具有良好的内部一致性（α=0.80-0.86）；内类相关系数（ICC=0.71-0.72）；测量的标准误差（3.21-7.40）和最小可检测变化（8.90-20.51）。它与疼痛强度和残疾中度相关，具有两因素结构，没有天花板和地板效应。
伊博-FABQ 是有效和可靠的，可以在临床上和研究中使用。
