Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, 00625, Kangemi, Kenya.
Department of Veterinary Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536-20115, Egerton, Kenya.
Vet Res. 2019 May 14;50(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s13567-019-0652-0.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral infection of cloven-hoofed animals. In Kenya, the disease is endemic with outbreaks typically occurring throughout the year. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Nakuru County to investigate farmer knowledge and risk factors for clinical disease. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on 220 smallholder farmers, selected using random spatial sampling. The majority of respondents (207/220 [94.1%]) knew of FMD and 166/207 (80.2%) of them could correctly identify the disease based on their knowledge of the clinical signs. Forty-five out of 220 farmers (20.4%) vaccinated their livestock against FMD in the previous 6 months, although of those who knew of FMD only 96/207 (46.4%) perceived it as a preventive measure undertaken to reduce the risk of disease in their farm. FMD had occurred in 5.9% of the surveyed farms within the previous 6 months (from May to November 2016). Using multivariate analysis, the use of a shared bull (OR = 9.7; p = 0.014) and the number of sheep owned (for each additional sheep owned OR = 1.1; p = 0.066) were associated with an increased likelihood of a farm experiencing a case of FMD in the previous 6 months, although the evidence for the latter was weak. This study reports risk factors associated with clinical FMD at the farm level in a densely populated smallholder farming area of Kenya. These results can be used to inform the development of risk-based strategic plans for FMD control and as a baseline for evaluating interventions and control strategies.
口蹄疫（FMD）是一种高度传染性的偶蹄动物病毒感染。在肯尼亚，该疾病流行，疫情通常全年发生。在纳库鲁县进行了一项横断面研究，以调查农民对临床疾病的知识和风险因素。使用随机空间抽样选择了 220 名小农进行半结构式访谈。大多数受访者（220/220 [94.1%]）知道 FMD，其中 166/207（80.2%）根据他们对口蹄疫临床症状的了解能够正确识别该疾病。在过去的 6 个月中，有 45/220 名农民（20.4%）对其牲畜接种了 FMD 疫苗，尽管知道 FMD 的 207 人中只有 96/207（46.4%）认为这是一种预防措施，可降低其农场疾病的风险。在过去的 6 个月中（2016 年 5 月至 11 月），调查农场中有 5.9%发生了 FMD（5.9%）。使用多变量分析，使用共用公牛（OR = 9.7；p = 0.014）和绵羊数量（每增加一只绵羊拥有量，OR = 1.1；p = 0.066）与农场在过去 6 个月中发生 FMD 的可能性增加有关，但后者的证据较弱。本研究报告了在肯尼亚人口稠密的小农地区农场一级与临床 FMD 相关的风险因素。这些结果可用于为 FMD 控制制定基于风险的战略计划，并作为评估干预措施和控制策略的基线。
