Zúñiga Roberto Ariel Abeldaño, Villoría Ana María González
Universidad de la Sierra Sur, División de Estudios de Postgrado, Oaxaca, México.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2018 Jun 5;42:e55. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2018.55. eCollection 2018.
Characterize the patterns in the occurrence of disasters, associated deaths, population affected, and economic damages in Mexico over the period 1900-2016.
In a descriptive study approach, information was gathered on the frequency of disasters, associated deaths, persons affected, and economic damages in Mexico over the period indicated, using the International Disaster Database (EM-DAT) of the Center for Disaster Epidemiology Research (CRED) of the School of Public Health, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium.
In Mexico, an increase was observed in the frequency of disasters starting in the 1990s. According to the pattern of occurrence, the highest percentage were of hydrometeorological origin (storms, extreme temperatures, floods, avalanches, and storm surges), which accounted for half the reported disasters. In the series analyzed, disasters of hydrologic, meteorological, or climatological origin represented between 50% and 60% of the events and were the ones that caused the greatest damage. Geophysical events caused the most deaths, followed by hydrologic and then by meteorological events. The cost of damages increased with each decade.
Of the 219 disasters analyzed over the period, 63.4% have occurred since 1990. The frequency of the disasters and the need for investment in their prevention and mitigation are increasing.
描述1900 - 2016年期间墨西哥灾害的发生模式、相关死亡人数、受影响人口及经济损失情况。
采用描述性研究方法，利用比利时鲁汶天主教大学公共卫生学院灾害流行病学研究中心（CRED）的国际灾害数据库（EM - DAT），收集了该时期墨西哥灾害发生频率、相关死亡人数、受影响人数及经济损失的信息。
在墨西哥，自20世纪90年代起灾害发生频率呈上升趋势。根据发生模式，比例最高的是水文气象灾害（风暴、极端温度、洪水、雪崩和风暴潮），占报告灾害的一半。在所分析的系列中，水文、气象或气候灾害占事件的50%至60%，且造成的损失最大。地球物理事件导致的死亡人数最多，其次是水文灾害，然后是气象灾害。损失成本每十年增加一次。
在所分析的该时期219次灾害中，63.4%发生在1990年以后。灾害发生频率以及对其预防和减轻的投资需求都在增加。
