Mendivelso Duarte Fredy Orlando, Robayo García Adriana, Rodríguez Bedoya Milena, Suárez Rángel Gloria
Centro de Medicina Basada en la Evidencia Keralty Centro de Medicina Basada en la Evidencia Keralty Bogotá Colombia Centro de Medicina Basada en la Evidencia Keralty, Bogotá, Colombia.
Programa de Entrenamiento en Epidemiología de Campo (FETP) del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia Programa de Entrenamiento en Epidemiología de Campo (FETP) del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia Colombia Colombia Programa de Entrenamiento en Epidemiología de Campo (FETP) del Instituto Nacional de Salud de Colombia, Colombia.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2019 May 3;43:e38. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2019.38. eCollection 2019.
The Zika outbreak affected several tropical countries in 2015 and 2016, requiring the creation of intensified surveillance strategies for microcephaly and other neurological syndromes. The effect of the Zika outbreak on the reporting of birth defects in Colombia was evaluated from the perspective of the national surveillance system.
National reporting of newborns with different birth defects was analyzed; variations in reporting attributed to the epidemic were determined through difference in differences (DID), a semiparametric model.
During the period of study, 18,234 cases of birth defects were reported in Colombia. The majority were congenital malformations (91.9%), and 82.3% was confirmed by clinical diagnosis or epidemiological link. In the case of microcephaly, eight new cases per epidemiological week were reported (coefficient of case reporting [D] = 8.8; = 0.000) and 32 cases from other congenital anatomical malformations (D = 32.0; = 0.000). The absolute value of the difference in differences estimator attributed to the Zika outbreak increased weekly case reporting of microcephaly (DID = |-5.0|; = 0.008) and congenital malformations (DID = |-12.0|; = 0.111).
The Zika outbreak increased reporting of newborns with microcephaly, but caused no significant variation in reporting of other malformations and functional birth defects of sensory or metabolic origin in the surveillance system.
2015年和2016年寨卡疫情影响了多个热带国家，需要针对小头畸形和其他神经综合征制定强化监测策略。从国家监测系统的角度评估了寨卡疫情对哥伦比亚出生缺陷报告的影响。
分析了不同出生缺陷新生儿的国家报告情况；通过半参数模型——差分法（DID）确定了疫情导致的报告差异。
在研究期间，哥伦比亚共报告了18234例出生缺陷病例。大多数为先天性畸形（91.9%），其中82.3%经临床诊断或流行病学关联得以确诊。就小头畸形而言，每流行病学周报告8例新病例（病例报告系数[D]=8.8；P=0.000），其他先天性解剖畸形报告32例（D=32.0；P=0.000）。寨卡疫情导致的差分估计值绝对值增加了小头畸形的每周病例报告数（DID=|-5.0|；P=0.008）以及先天性畸形的每周病例报告数（DID=|-12.0|；P=0.111）。
寨卡疫情增加了小头畸形新生儿的报告数，但在监测系统中，其他畸形以及感觉或代谢起源的功能性出生缺陷的报告数未出现显著变化。
