Aprelini Carla Moronari de Oliveira, Luft Vivian Cristine, Meléndez Gustavo Velásquez, Schmidt Maria Inês, Mill José Geraldo, Molina Maria Del Carmen Bisi
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo VitóriaES Brasil Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Vitória (ES), Brasil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Porto AlegreRS Brasil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2019 May 3;43:e40. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2019.40. eCollection 2019.
To investigate the association between red and processed meat consumption and the occurrence of new cases of insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes (DM) in participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).
This cohort study included 15 105 civil servants (age: 35-74 years). Biochemical, anthropometric, and socioeconomic data, as well as lifestyle characteristics, were collected at baseline (2008-2010) and wave 2 (2012-2014). Meat consumption (g/day) was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire. To categorize low, medium, and high consumption, independent variables were divided into tertiles. DM was diagnosed as fasting glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, postload glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL, or glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5. IR was determined by HOMA-IR with cutoff points based on the sample's 75th percentile.
Men and participants with lower income and schooling reported higher consumption of red and processed meat. High consumption of processed meat (highest tertile, > 27.1 g/day) was associated with new cases of IR in men (OR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.31-2.16) and women (OR = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.00-1>52). High consumption of red meat increased by 40% (95%CI: 1.04-1.96) the likelihood of new cases of DM in men.
High consumption of red/processed meat negatively impacted the health of participants. Moderate consumption of meats may be recommended for the general population and for prevention of DM.
在巴西成人健康纵向研究（ELSA - Brasil）的参与者中，调查红肉和加工肉类消费与胰岛素抵抗（IR）新病例及糖尿病（DM）发生之间的关联。
这项队列研究纳入了15105名公务员（年龄：35 - 74岁）。在基线期（2008 - 2010年）和第2轮随访（2012 - 2014年）收集了生化、人体测量学、社会经济数据以及生活方式特征。使用食物频率问卷估计肉类消费量（克/天）。为了将消费分为低、中、高三个类别，自变量被分为三分位数。糖尿病的诊断标准为空腹血糖≥126毫克/分升、负荷后血糖≥200毫克/分升或糖化血红蛋白≥6.5。胰岛素抵抗通过稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA - IR）确定，截断点基于样本的第75百分位数。
收入和受教育程度较低的男性和参与者报告的红肉和加工肉类消费量较高。加工肉类的高消费量（最高三分位数，>27.1克/天）与男性（OR = 1.68；95%CI：1.31 - 2.16）和女性（OR = 1.23；95%CI：1.00 - 1.52）的IR新病例相关。红肉的高消费量使男性患DM新病例的可能性增加了40%（95%CI：1.04 - 1.96）。
红肉/加工肉类高消费量对参与者的健康产生了负面影响。对于一般人群和预防糖尿病，可能建议适度食用肉类。
