Wilson Vanessa, Guenther Anja, Øverli Øyvind, Seltmann Martin W, Altschul Drew
Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göettingen, Germany.
Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-University, 37077 Göettingen, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2019 May 15;9(5):240. doi: 10.3390/ani9050240.
As part of the European Conference on Behavioral Biology 2018, we organized a symposium entitled, "" The aims of this symposium were to address current research in the personality field, spanning both behavioral ecology and psychology, to highlight the future directions for this research, and to consider whether differential approaches to studying behavior contribute something new to the understanding of animal behavior. In this paper, we discuss the study of endocrinology and ontogeny in understanding how behavioral variation is generated and maintained, despite selection pressures assumed to reduce this variation. We consider the potential mechanisms that could link certain traits to fitness outcomes through longevity and cognition. We also address the role of individual differences in stress coping, mortality, and health risk, and how the study of these relationships could be applied to improve animal welfare. From the insights provided by these topics, we assert that studying individual differences through the lens of personality has provided new directions in behavioral research, and we encourage further research in these directions, across this interdisciplinary field.
作为2018年欧洲行为生物学会议的一部分，我们组织了一场题为“”的研讨会。本次研讨会的目的是探讨人格领域的当前研究，涵盖行为生态学和心理学两个方面，突出该研究的未来方向，并思考研究行为的不同方法是否能为理解动物行为带来新的贡献。在本文中，我们讨论了内分泌学和个体发育的研究，以理解尽管存在假定会减少这种变异的选择压力，但行为变异是如何产生和维持的。我们考虑了可能通过长寿和认知将某些性状与适应性结果联系起来的潜在机制。我们还探讨了个体差异在应激应对、死亡率和健康风险中的作用，以及对这些关系的研究如何应用于改善动物福利。基于这些主题提供的见解，我们断言，通过人格视角研究个体差异为行为研究提供了新的方向，我们鼓励在这个跨学科领域沿着这些方向开展进一步研究。
