Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2019;69(4):921-933. doi: 10.3233/JAD-180730.
Empathy is essential for social interaction and a crucial trait to understand the intentions and behaviors of others and to react accordingly. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects both cognitive and emotional processes and can lead to social dysfunction. Empathy results from the interaction of four components: shared neural representation, self-awareness, mental flexibility, and emotion regulation. This review discusses the abilities and deficits of patients with AD from the perspective of subcomponents of empathy and integrates these facets into a model of human empathy. The aim was to investigate the components that are affected by AD and the ways in which patients are still able to empathize with others in their social environment. It concludes that AD patients show a pattern of relatively preserved affective aspects and impairments in cognitive components of empathy and points out specific areas with the need for further research.
同理心对于社会互动至关重要，是理解他人意图和行为并做出相应反应的关键特质。阿尔茨海默病（AD）会影响认知和情感过程，导致社交功能障碍。同理心源于四个组成部分的相互作用：共享神经表征、自我意识、心理灵活性和情绪调节。本综述从同理心的子成分的角度讨论 AD 患者的能力和缺陷，并将这些方面整合到人类同理心模型中。目的是研究受 AD 影响的成分以及患者在其社交环境中仍然能够与他人产生共鸣的方式。研究结果表明，AD 患者表现出相对保留的情感方面和同理心认知成分受损的模式，并指出了需要进一步研究的具体领域。
