J Phys Act Health. 2019 Jun 27;16(7):518-524. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2018-0546.
To determine if children's moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time varied across levels of household income in countries at different levels of Human Development Index (HDI), consistent with the theory of epidemiological transition.
Data from 6548 children (55% girls) aged 9-11 years from 12 countries at different HDI levels are used in this analysis to assess MVPA and sedentary time (measured using ActiGraph accelerometers) across levels of household income. Least-square means are estimated separately for boys and girls at the estimated 10th, 50th, and 90th percentiles of HDI for the sample.
For boys, time in MVPA is negatively associated with income at the 10th and 50th percentiles of HDI (both P < .002). For girls, time in MVPA is negatively associated with income at the 10th and 50th percentiles of HDI (all P < .01) and positively related with income at the 90th percentile (P = .04). Sedentary time is positively associated with income at the 10th percentile of HDI for boys (P = .03), but not for girls.
Results support the possibility of an epidemiological transition in physical activity, with lower levels of MVPA observed at opposite levels of income depending on the HDI percentile. This phenomenon was not observed for sedentary time.
为了确定儿童的中等到剧烈体力活动（MVPA）和久坐时间是否因家庭收入水平的不同而有所不同，这些国家的人类发展指数（HDI）水平不同，符合流行病学转变理论。
本分析使用了来自 12 个不同 HDI 水平国家的 6548 名 9-11 岁儿童（55%为女孩）的数据，以评估家庭收入水平不同的 MVPA 和久坐时间（使用 ActiGraph 加速度计测量）。根据样本中 HDI 的估计第 10、第 50 和第 90 百分位数，分别为男孩和女孩估计了最小二乘平均值。
对于男孩，MVPA 时间与 HDI 的第 10 和第 50 百分位数的收入呈负相关（均 P <.002）。对于女孩，MVPA 时间与 HDI 的第 10 和第 50 百分位数的收入呈负相关（均 P <.01），与第 90 百分位数的收入呈正相关（P =.04）。男孩的久坐时间与 HDI 的第 10 百分位数的收入呈正相关（P =.03），但女孩则没有。
结果支持体力活动中出现流行病学转变的可能性，根据 HDI 百分位数，在相反的收入水平上观察到较低水平的 MVPA。这种现象在久坐时间上没有观察到。
