Komáromy András M, Bras Dineli, Esson Douglas W, Fellman Ronald L, Grozdanic Sinisa D, Kagemann Larry, Miller Paul E, Moroi Sayoko E, Plummer Caryn E, Sapienza John S, Storey Eric S, Teixeira Leandro B, Toris Carol B, Webb Terah R
College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
Centro de Especialistas Veterinarios de Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Vet Ophthalmol. 2019 Sep;22(5):726-740. doi: 10.1111/vop.12678. Epub 2019 May 20.
Canine glaucoma is a group of disorders that are generally associated with increased intraocular pressure (IOP) resulting in a characteristic optic neuropathy. Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in dogs and may be either primary or secondary. Despite the growing spectrum of medical and surgical therapies, there is no cure, and many affected dogs go blind. Often eyes are enucleated because of painfully high, uncontrollable IOP. While progressive vision loss due to primary glaucoma is considered preventable in some humans, this is mostly not true for dogs. There is an urgent need for more effective, affordable treatment options. Because newly developed glaucoma medications are emerging at a very slow rate and may not be effective in dogs, work toward improving surgical options may be the most rewarding approach in the near term. This Viewpoint Article summarizes the discussions and recommended research strategies of both a Think Tank and a Consortium focused on the development of more effective therapies for canine glaucoma; both were organized and funded by the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Vision for Animals Foundation (ACVO-VAF). The recommendations consist of (a) better understanding of disease mechanisms, (b) early glaucoma diagnosis and disease staging, (c) optimization of IOP-lowering medical treatment, (d) new surgical therapies to control IOP, and (e) novel treatment strategies, such as gene and stem cell therapies, neuroprotection, and neuroregeneration. In order to address these needs, increases in research funding specifically focused on canine glaucoma are necessary.
犬青光眼是一组通常与眼内压（IOP）升高相关的病症，会导致特征性视神经病变。青光眼是犬不可逆视力丧失的主要原因，可能是原发性的，也可能是继发性的。尽管药物和手术治疗方法不断增加，但仍无法治愈，许多患病犬会失明。由于眼压过高且无法控制，疼痛难忍，患病犬的眼睛常常被摘除。虽然原发性青光眼导致的渐进性视力丧失在某些人类中被认为是可以预防的，但在犬类中情况大多并非如此。迫切需要更有效、更经济的治疗方案。由于新开发的青光眼药物出现的速度非常缓慢，而且可能对犬类无效，因此在短期内致力于改进手术方案可能是最有成效的方法。这篇观点文章总结了一个智囊团和一个联盟的讨论内容及推荐的研究策略，这两个组织都专注于开发更有效的犬青光眼治疗方法；它们均由美国兽医眼科医师学会动物视力基金会（ACVO-VAF）组织并资助。这些建议包括：（a）更好地了解疾病机制；（b）早期青光眼诊断和疾病分期；（c）优化降低眼压的药物治疗；（d）控制眼压的新手术疗法；（e）新的治疗策略，如基因和干细胞疗法、神经保护和神经再生。为了满足这些需求，有必要增加专门针对犬青光眼的研究资金。
