Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Wiley Interdiscip Rev Cogn Sci. 2019 Nov;10(6):e1504. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1504. Epub 2019 May 20.
Self-control is critical for both humans and nonhuman animals because it underlies complex cognitive abilities, such as decision-making and future planning, enabling goal-directed behavior. For instance, it is positively associated with social competence and life success measures in humans. We present the first review of delay of gratification as a measure of self-control in nonhuman primates, corvids (crow family) and psittacines (parrot order): disparate groups that show comparable advanced cognitive abilities and similar socio-ecological factors. We compare delay of gratification performance and identify key issues and outstanding areas for future research, including finding the best measures and drivers of delayed gratification. Our review therefore contributes to our understanding of both delayed gratification as a measure of self-control and of complex cognition in animals. This article is categorized under: Cognitive Biology > Evolutionary Roots of Cognition Psychology > Comparative Psychology.
自我控制对于人类和非人类动物都至关重要，因为它是复杂认知能力（如决策和未来规划）的基础，使目标导向的行为成为可能。例如，它与人类的社交能力和生活成功衡量标准呈正相关。我们首次综述了延迟满足作为衡量非人类灵长类动物、鸦科（乌鸦科）和鹦鹉目（鹦鹉目）自我控制的一种手段：这两组动物具有类似的高级认知能力和相似的社会生态因素。我们比较了延迟满足表现，并确定了未来研究的关键问题和未解决领域，包括找到衡量延迟满足的最佳方法和驱动因素。因此，我们的综述有助于我们理解延迟满足作为自我控制的衡量标准以及动物的复杂认知。本文属于以下分类：认知生物学>认知的进化根源心理学>比较心理学。
