Devonshire Centre for Biosystems Science & Engineering, School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, England, United Kingdom.
Adv Microb Physiol. 2019;74:465-486. doi: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2019.02.004. Epub 2019 Feb 28.
Hydrogenase enzymes are currently under the international research spotlight due to emphasis on biologically produced hydrogen as one potential energy carrier to relinquish the requirement for 'fossil fuel' derived energy. Three major classes of hydrogenase exist in microbes all able to catalyze the reversible oxidation of dihydrogen to protons and electrons. These classes are defined by their active site metal content: [NiFe]-; [FeFe]- and [Fe]-hydrogenases. Of these the [NiFe]-hydrogenases have links to ancient forms of metabolism, utilizing hydrogen as the original source of reductant on Earth. This review progresses to highlight the Group 4 [NiFe]-hydrogenase enzymes that preferentially generate hydrogen exploiting various partner enzymes or ferredoxin, while in some cases translocating ions across biological membranes. Specific focus is paid to Group 4A, the Formate hydrogenlyase complexes. These are the combination of a six or nine subunit [NiFe]-hydrogenase with a soluble formate dehydrogenase to derived electrons from formate oxidation for proton reduction. The incidence, physiology, structure and biotechnological application of these complexes will be explored with attention on Escherichia coli Formate Hydrogenlyase-1 (FHL-1).
由于强调生物产生的氢气作为一种潜在的能源载体，可以取代“化石燃料”衍生的能源，因此氢酶目前成为国际研究的焦点。微生物中存在三种主要类型的氢酶，都能够催化氢气可逆氧化为质子和电子。这些类别是根据其活性位点的金属含量来定义的：[NiFe]-; [FeFe]-和[Fe]-氢酶。其中，[NiFe]-氢酶与古代形式的新陈代谢有关，在地球上利用氢气作为还原剂的原始来源。本综述重点介绍了第 4 组[NiFe]-氢酶，这些酶优先利用各种伙伴酶或铁氧还蛋白产生氢气，而在某些情况下则在生物膜中转运离子。特别关注第 4 组 A，即甲酸盐氢化酶复合物。这些是由六或九个亚基[NiFe]-氢酶与可溶性甲酸脱氢酶组成的复合物，从甲酸氧化中获得电子，用于质子还原。将探讨这些复合物的发生、生理学、结构和生物技术应用，重点关注大肠杆菌甲酸盐氢化酶-1（FHL-1）。
