开普梨[Dovyalis caffra（Hook.f. & Harv.）Sim]的民族植物学用途、生物活性和化学特性：南非本土的一种梨树。
Ethnobotanical uses, biological activities and chemical properties of Kei-apple [Dovyalis caffra (Hook.f. & Harv.) Sim]: An indigenous fruit tree of southern Africa.
机构信息
Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) Centre, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, North West Province, South Africa; Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, North West Province, South Africa; School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, North West Province, South Africa; Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2790, North West Province, South Africa.
出版信息
J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Sep 15;241:111963. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111963. Epub 2019 May 25.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Dovyalis caffra (Hook.f. & Harv.) Sim (commonly called Kei-apple) is an indigenous fruit tree that has medicinal values for various ethnic groups in southern Africa.
AIM OF THE REVIEW
This review aims to provide a critical appraisal of the existing knowledge on the ethnobotanical value, biological activities and phytochemicals of Dovyalis caffra. In addition, the potential of producing a functional health product from Kei-apple due to its therapeutic effects and rich pool of phytochemicals was explored.
METHODS
A detailed literature search was conducted using various online search engines, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Mendeley and Web of Science. Additional information was sourced from ethnobotanical literature focusing on southern African flora.
RESULTS
Dovyalis caffra has diverse uses in local and popular medicine, specifically for relieving pain and rheumatism in humans. Ethno-veterinary potential of Kei-apple has also been documented in East Africa. Non-medicinal uses of the tree include its role in biological hedging and as a traditional herb for African magical purpose. Regarding its biological activities, polar extracts from the seeds exhibited noteworthy antibacterial (minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus) activity. Quantitative analysis (e.g. GC-MS, HPLC) indicated the presence of a rich (>80) pool of chemicals, including sterols, phenolic acids and fatty acids from different parts of the plant while 11 compounds have been isolated from its leaves and twigs.
CONCLUSIONS
Dovyalis caffra has been tested for various biological activities and the extracts (seeds in particular) demonstrated promising antibacterial potential. A lack of alignment between the ethno-medicinal uses and existing biological screenings was observed, indicting the need for anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatism potential of Dovyalis caffra to be explored. In vivo validation of antibacterial and anti-parasitic activities against clinical bacterial strains and parasites, respectively is required. Other areas that need investigation are safety evaluations and development of integrated cultivation approach in order to fully explore the plant's potential.
民族药理学相关性
多果肉（Hook.f. 和 Harv.）Sim（俗称基苹果）是一种原产于南非的乡土果树，对当地各族人民具有药用价值。
目的综述
本综述旨在对多果肉的民族植物学价值、生物活性和植物化学物质进行批判性评估。此外，由于其治疗效果和丰富的植物化学物质库，探讨了从基苹果中生产功能性保健品的潜力。
方法
使用各种在线搜索引擎（如 Scopus、Google Scholar、Mendeley 和 Web of Science）进行详细的文献检索。还从专注于南非植物区系的民族植物学文献中获取了额外信息。
结果
多果肉在当地和民间医学中具有多种用途，特别是用于缓解人类疼痛和风湿。东非也有基苹果在兽医方面的应用记录。该树的非药用用途包括其在生物防护方面的作用以及作为非洲魔法用途的传统草药。关于其生物活性，种子的极性提取物表现出显著的抗菌活性（金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度为 1μg/ml）。定量分析（例如 GC-MS、HPLC）表明，植物的不同部位含有丰富的化学物质（>80 种），包括甾醇、酚酸和脂肪酸，而从其叶和小枝中分离出 11 种化合物。
结论
多果肉已被测试用于各种生物活性，提取物（特别是种子）表现出有希望的抗菌潜力。观察到民族药用用途与现有生物筛选之间缺乏一致性，表明需要探索多果肉的抗炎和抗风湿潜力。需要对其针对临床细菌株的抗菌和抗寄生虫活性进行体内验证。需要进一步研究的其他领域包括安全性评估和综合种植方法的开发，以充分挖掘该植物的潜力。
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