基于BASNEF的营养教育对老年人营养行为的影响以及微型营养评定对2型糖尿病老年患者营养状况的影响（一项临床试验干预）
Effect of BASNEF-based nutrition education on nutritional behaviors among elderly people and Mini Nutritional Assessment on nutritional status in elderly with diabetes with type 2 diabetes (A clinical trial intervention).
作者信息
Ahmadzadeh Tori Neda, Shojaeizadeh Davoud, Sum Shima, Hajian Karimallah
机构信息
Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
School of Tehran Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
J Educ Health Promot. 2019 May 14;8:94. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_222_18. eCollection 2019.
INTRODUCTION
The number of elderly people is growing in different communities like Iran, increasingly. Malnutrition prevalence is unknown among elderly patients with diabetes. Malnutrition is a common risk factor in elderly people with diabetes that may affect their health.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
This study is a random clinical trial. There are 200 samples in this study chosen randomly and divided into two intervention and control groups (100 each). Data of both groups were collected in the same way, before and 3 months after the intervention. Educational intervention was based on pretest, baseline BASNEF model, and Mini Nutritional Assessment questionnaire in four sessions.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Descriptive indices were used to analyze the data while Chi-square, -test, one-way ANOVA, and correlation tests were used to examine the relationship between variables.
RESULTS
The results were significantly different after intervention ( < 0.05), but they were not significantly different in control group after 3 months ( > 0.05). It was clear that 22% of samples had normal nutrition (score >24), 29% of participants were exposed to malnutrition, and 51% of samples were suffering from malnutrition. These numbers were 20% for normal nutrition, 30% for exposing to malnutrition, and 50% for suffering from malnutrition in the control group, respectively. Fifty percent of elderly people with diabetes suffered from malnutrition and almost half of them had normal nutrition that was 20%.
CONCLUSIONS
BASNEF-based nutrition education intervention improves nutritional behaviors in addition to knowledge and attitude of elderly people with type 2 diabetes. It led to improve indices of glucose control during 3-month intervention.
AIMS
The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of elderly people with diabetes and the effect of educational intervention based on the BASNEF model on promoting nutritional behaviors in the elderly with type 2 diabetes in Babol city, Iran.
引言
在伊朗等不同社区，老年人数量日益增加。糖尿病老年患者中营养不良的患病率尚不清楚。营养不良是糖尿病老年人常见的风险因素，可能会影响他们的健康。
对象与方法
本研究为随机临床试验。本研究随机选取200个样本，分为两个干预组和对照组（每组100个）。两组数据均在干预前和干预后3个月以相同方式收集。教育干预基于预测试、基线BASNEF模型和微型营养评定问卷，共进行四个阶段。
所用统计分析方法
使用描述性指标分析数据，同时使用卡方检验、t检验、单因素方差分析和相关性检验来检验变量之间的关系。
结果
干预后结果有显著差异（P<0.05），但对照组3个月后差异不显著（P>0.05）。很明显，22%的样本营养正常（得分>24），29%的参与者存在营养不良风险，51%的样本患有营养不良。对照组中，营养正常的比例为20%，存在营养不良风险的比例为30%，患有营养不良的比例为50%。50%的糖尿病老年人患有营养不良，近一半营养正常，即20%。
结论
基于BASNEF的营养教育干预除了能改善2型糖尿病老年人的知识和态度外，还能改善其营养行为。在3个月的干预期间，它有助于改善血糖控制指标。
目的
本研究的目的是调查伊朗巴博勒市糖尿病老年人的营养状况，以及基于BASNEF模型的教育干预对促进2型糖尿病老年人营养行为的影响。
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