MIVEGEC, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD.
Institut Pierre Richet/Institut National de Santé Publique, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.
J Infect Dis. 2019 Aug 30;220(7):1199-1208. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz289.
Anarchic and poorly controlled urbanization led to an increased risk of mosquito-borne diseases (MBD) in many African cities. Here, we evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of human exposure to malaria and arboviral disease vectors in an urban area of northern Senegal, using antibody-based biomarkers of exposure to Anopheles and Aedes mosquito bites.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken during the rainy season of 2014 in 4 neighborhoods of Saint-Louis, a city in northern Senegal. Among children aged 6-59 months in each neighborhood, the dried blood spot technique was used to evaluate immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to both gSG6-P1 (Anopheles) and Nterm-34-kDa (Aedes) salivary peptides as validated biomarkers of respective mosquito bite exposure.
IgG response levels to gSG6-P1 and Nterm-34-kDa salivary peptides varied significantly between the 4 neighborhoods (P < .0001). The level of exposure to Aedes bites also varied according to household access to sanitation services (P = .027), whereas that of exposure to Anopheles bites varied according to insecticide-treated bed net use (P = .006). In addition, spatial clusters of high contact between humans and mosquitoes were identified inside 3 neighborhoods.
Antibody-based biomarkers of exposure to Anopheles and Aedes mosquito bites could be helpful tools for evaluating the heterogeneity of exposure to malaria and arboviral disease vectors by national control programs.
无秩序且控制不善的城市化进程导致许多非洲城市的蚊媒疾病（MBD）风险增加。在这里，我们使用针对疟蚊和伊蚊叮咬的抗体生物标志物，评估塞内加尔北部一个城市地区人类接触疟疾和虫媒病毒病媒介的空间异质性。
2014 年雨季期间，在塞内加尔北部城市圣路易的 4 个街区进行了一项横断面研究。在每个街区年龄在 6-59 个月的儿童中，使用干血斑技术评估针对 gSG6-P1（疟蚊）和 Nterm-34-kDa（伊蚊）唾液肽的免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）反应，这两种唾液肽已被验证为各自蚊子叮咬暴露的生物标志物。
gSG6-P1 和 Nterm-34-kDa 唾液肽的 IgG 反应水平在 4 个街区之间存在显著差异（P<0.0001）。接触伊蚊叮咬的水平还根据家庭获得卫生服务的情况而有所不同（P=0.027），而接触疟蚊叮咬的水平则根据使用驱虫蚊帐的情况而有所不同（P=0.006）。此外，在 3 个街区内发现了人类与蚊子之间高接触的空间聚类。
针对疟蚊和伊蚊叮咬的抗体生物标志物可能是评估国家控制计划中疟疾和虫媒病毒病媒介接触异质性的有用工具。
