Iowa State University, Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology , Ames, IA 50011 , USA.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2019 Jul 22;374(1777):20180245. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0245. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
The selection of desirable traits in crops during domestication has been well studied. Many crops share a suite of modified phenotypic characteristics collectively known as the domestication syndrome. In this sense, crops have convergently evolved. Previous work has demonstrated that, at least in some instances, convergence for domestication traits has been achieved through parallel molecular means. However, both demography and selection during domestication may have placed limits on evolutionary potential and reduced opportunities for convergent adaptation during post-domestication migration to new environments. Here we review current knowledge regarding trait convergence in the cereal grasses and consider whether the complexity and dynamism of cereal genomes (e.g., transposable elements, polyploidy, genome size) helped these species overcome potential limitations owing to domestication and achieve broad subsequent adaptation, in many cases through parallel means. This article is part of the theme issue 'Convergent evolution in the genomics era: new insights and directions'.
在作物驯化过程中对理想性状的选择已经得到了很好的研究。许多作物具有一套共同的表型特征，统称为驯化综合征。从这个意义上说，作物已经趋同进化了。先前的研究表明，至少在某些情况下，驯化性状的趋同是通过平行的分子途径实现的。然而，驯化过程中的人口统计学和选择都可能限制了进化潜力，并减少了在驯化后向新环境迁移过程中趋同适应的机会。在这里，我们回顾了关于谷类禾本科植物性状趋同的现有知识，并考虑了谷类基因组的复杂性和动态性（例如转座元件、多倍体、基因组大小）是否有助于这些物种克服由于驯化而产生的潜在限制，并实现广泛的后续适应，在许多情况下是通过平行途径。本文是主题为“基因组时代趋同进化：新的见解和方向”的一部分。
