Mlinarec Jelena, Skuhala Ana, Jurković Adela, Malenica Nenad, McCann Jamie, Weiss-Schneeweiss Hanna, Bohanec Borut, Besendorfer Višnja
Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Zagreb, Croatia.
Institute of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Front Plant Sci. 2019 May 16;10:613. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00613. eCollection 2019.
Dalmatian pyrethrum ( (Trevir.) Sch. Bip.), a plant species endemic to the east Adriatic coast, is used worldwide for production of the organic insecticide, pyrethrin. Most studies concerning Dalmatian pyrethrum have focused on its morphological and biochemical traits relevant for breeding. However, little is known about the chromosomal evolution and genome organization of this species. Our study aims are to identify, classify, and characterize repetitive DNA in the genome using clustering analysis of a low coverage genomic dataset. Repetitive DNA represents about 71.63% of the genome. exhibits linked 5S and 35S rDNA configuration (L-type). FISH reveals amplification of interstitial telomeric repeats (ITRs) in . Of the three newly identified satellite DNA families, TcSAT1 and TcSAT2 are located subterminally on most of chromosomes, while TcSAT3 family is located intercalary within the longer arm of two chromosome pairs. FISH reveals high levels of polymorphism of the TcSAT1 and TcSAT2 sites by comparative screening of 28 individuals. TcSAT2 is more variable than TcSAT1 regarding the number and position of FISH signals. Altogether, our data highlights the dynamic nature of DNA sequences associated with subtelomeres in and suggests that subtelomeres represent one of the most dynamic and rapidly evolving regions in eukaryotic genomes.
除虫菊（(Trevir.) Sch. Bip.）是亚得里亚海东岸特有的一种植物，在全球范围内用于生产有机杀虫剂除虫菊酯。大多数关于除虫菊的研究都集中在其与育种相关的形态和生化特性上。然而，关于该物种的染色体进化和基因组组织却知之甚少。我们的研究目的是通过对低覆盖度基因组数据集进行聚类分析，来识别、分类和表征该基因组中的重复DNA。重复DNA约占基因组的71.63%。呈现出5S和35S rDNA的连锁构型（L型）。荧光原位杂交（FISH）显示在……中间端粒重复序列（ITR）有扩增。在新鉴定出的三个卫星DNA家族中，TcSAT1和TcSAT2位于大多数染色体的亚末端，而TcSAT3家族位于两对染色体较长臂的中间位置。通过对28个个体的比较筛选，FISH显示TcSAT1和TcSAT2位点具有高度多态性。就FISH信号的数量和位置而言，TcSAT2比TcSAT1更具变异性。总之，我们的数据突出了与……亚端粒相关的DNA序列的动态性质，并表明亚端粒是真核生物基因组中最具动态性和进化最快的区域之一。
