UR15JS01: Education, Motricité, Sport et Santé (EM2S), High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hedi Chaker Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.
PLoS One. 2019 Jun 4;14(6):e0217851. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217851. eCollection 2019.
To assess changes in short-term maximal performance, alertness, dietary intake, sleep pattern and mood states of physically active young men before (BR), during and after Ramadan observance.
Twelve physically-active men (age: 21.9±2.4yrs, height:1.77±0.09m, body-mass: 72.6±7.8kg, exercising: ≥3h/week) performed the 5-jump and the digit-cancellation (alertness) tests 15-days BR, on the first (FR) and last 10-days of Ramadan (ER) and 10-days (AR10) and 20-days (AR20) after Ramadan. During each period, sleep pattern (Pittsburgh-Sleep-Quality-Index (PSQI)), mood states (Profile-of-Mood-States (POMS)) and dietary intake were recorded.
No significant changes in the 5-jump, digit-cancellation test and POMS parameters appeared during and after Ramadan relative to BR. However, the PSQI total score was lower during FR compared to AR10 (p<0.001). Specifically, the subjective sleep quality was lower (i) at BR compared to FR (p<0.05), AR10 (p<0.01) and AR20 (p<0.01) and (ii) at ER and AR20 compared to FR (p<0.05). The sleep duration (i) increased at FR (p<0.05) and (ii) decreased at AR10 (p<0.01) and AR20 (p<0.05) compared to BR. Sleep disturbances were significantly greater (i) at BR compared to FR (p<0.01), ER (p<0.01), AR10 (p<0.05) and AR20 (p<0.05) and (ii) at AR10 and AR20 compared to FR and ER (p<0.05). In terms of diet, the fractional contribution of carbohydrate (%) was lower and the dietary fat content (g) was higher during ER than AR10 and AR20 (p<0.05). Further, the dietary protein (in %) was significantly lower during FR compared to BR (p<0.01), ER (p<0.05), AR10 (p<0.05) and AR20 (p<0.05).
Ramadan had no-adverse effects on the 5-jump performance, alertness, or mood states in physically active young men. However, the sleep duration was shorter and the sleep quality was improved following compared to during Ramadan. The fractional intake of fat also increased at the expense of carbohydrate during Ramadan, and the protein intake was lower at the beginning of Ramadan than before, at the end of and after Ramadan.
评估在斋月期间和之后，活跃的年轻男性的短期最大表现、警觉性、饮食摄入、睡眠模式和情绪状态的变化。
12 名活跃的男性（年龄：21.9±2.4 岁，身高：1.77±0.09m，体重：72.6±7.8kg，运动：每周≥3 小时）在斋月前（BR）、斋月期间（FR）和斋月后（ER）的第 10 天（AR10）和第 20 天（AR20）进行了 5 次跳跃和数字取消（警觉性）测试，并且在每个时间段记录睡眠模式（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI））、情绪状态（情绪状态简表（POMS））和饮食摄入。
在斋月期间和之后，5 次跳跃、数字取消测试和 POMS 参数没有出现显著变化。然而，与 AR10 相比，FR 的 PSQI 总分较低（p<0.001）。具体来说，与 FR（p<0.05）、AR10（p<0.01）和 AR20（p<0.01）相比，主观睡眠质量在 BR 时较低，与 ER 和 AR20 相比，FR 时较低（p<0.05）。与 BR 相比，睡眠时长（i）在 FR 时增加（p<0.05），（ii）在 AR10 和 AR20 时减少（p<0.01）。睡眠障碍在 BR 时比 FR（p<0.01）、ER（p<0.01）、AR10（p<0.05）和 AR20（p<0.05）时显著更大，（ii）在 AR10 和 AR20 时比 FR 和 ER 时更大（p<0.05）。在饮食方面，与 AR10 和 AR20 相比，ER 期间碳水化合物（%）的分数贡献较低，膳食脂肪含量（g）较高（p<0.05）。此外，与 BR（p<0.01）、ER（p<0.05）、AR10（p<0.05）和 AR20（p<0.05）相比，FR 时膳食蛋白质（%）显著降低。
斋月对活跃的年轻男性的 5 次跳跃表现、警觉性或情绪状态没有不良影响。然而，与斋月期间相比，睡眠时长更短，睡眠质量更高。在斋月期间，脂肪的摄入量也以牺牲碳水化合物为代价增加，并且在斋月开始时的蛋白质摄入量低于之前、结束时和之后的摄入量。
