Paquot N
Service de Diabétologie, Nutrition et Maladies métaboliques, CHU Liège, Belgique.
Rev Med Liege. 2019 May;74(5-6):265-267.
Ethanol is rapidly and almost completely absorbed by the digestive tract, mainly in the small intestine. Alcohol is then metabolized mainly in the liver where it is converted into acetaldehyde. Two systems contribute to this metabolization, the predominant alcohol dehydrogenase pathway, and the pathway controlled by the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS), which is inducible and is also involved in the metabolism of other drugs. Acetaldehyde is then metabolized to acetate, which largely leaves the liver to be converted into acetyl-CoA in other tissues. Alcohol is oxidized preferentially to other energetic substrates, leading, in turn, to a decrease in oxidation of lipids which are stored in adipose tissue.
乙醇可被消化道迅速且几乎完全吸收，主要是在小肠。酒精随后主要在肝脏中代谢，在那里它被转化为乙醛。有两个系统参与这种代谢，主要的乙醇脱氢酶途径，以及由微粒体乙醇氧化系统（MEOS）控制的途径，该系统是可诱导的，并且也参与其他药物的代谢。乙醛随后被代谢为乙酸盐，乙酸盐大部分离开肝脏，在其他组织中转化为乙酰辅酶A。酒精优先于其他能量底物被氧化，进而导致储存在脂肪组织中的脂质氧化减少。
