Subramaniyan Sivakumar Allur, Kang Da Rae, Park Jin Ryong, Siddiqui Sharif Hasan, Ravichandiran Palanisamy, Yoo Dong Jin, Na Chong Sam, Shim Kwan Seob
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561756, Korea.
Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering, Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561756, Korea.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Jun 14;9(6):357. doi: 10.3390/ani9060357.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of in ovo injection with different ratios of L-arginine (L-Arg) into Ross broiler eggs at three different embryonic developmental stages (eighth day (d), 14th day, and 18th day) on the survival, hatchability, and body weight (BW) of one-day-old hatched chicks. Additionally, we have analyzed the levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), the protein expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), and we have also determined micronuclei (MN) and nuclear abnormality (NA). In addition, the genotoxic effect was observed in peripheral blood cells such as the presence of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in the experimental groups. The results showed that survival and hatching rates as well as body weight were increased on the 14th day of incubation compared to the eighth and 18th day of incubation at lower concentrations of L-Arg. Moreover, the levels of SGOT and SGPT were also significantly ( < 0.05) increased on the 14th day of incubation at the same concentration (100 μg/μL/egg) of injection. In addition, immunoglobulin (IgM) levels were increased on the 14th day of incubation compared to other days. The protein expressions of HSP-47, HSP-60, and HSP-70 in the liver were significantly down-regulated, whereas the expression of myogenin and myoblast determination protein (MyoD) were significantly up-regulated on the 14th day after incubation when treated with all different doses such as 100 μg, 1000 μg, and 2500 μg/μL/egg, namely 3T1, 3T2, and 3T3, respectively. However, the treatment with low doses of L-Arg down-regulated the expression levels of those proteins on the 14th day of incubation. Histopathology of the liver by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that the majority of liver damage, specifically intracytoplasmic vacuoles, were observed in the 3T1, 3T2, and 3T3 groups. The minimum dose of 100 μg/mL/egg on the 14th day of incubation significantly prevented intracytoplasmic vacuole damages. These results demonstrate that in ovo administration of L-Arg at (100 μg/μL/egg) may be an effective method to increase chick BW, hatch rate, muscle growth-related proteins, and promote the immune response through increasing IgM on the 14th day of the incubation period.
本研究的目的是评估在三个不同胚胎发育阶段（第8天、第14天和第18天）向罗斯肉鸡种蛋中卵内注射不同比例的L-精氨酸（L-Arg）对一日龄雏鸡的存活率、孵化率和体重（BW）的影响。此外，我们分析了血清谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶（SGOT）和血清谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶（SGPT）的水平、热休克蛋白（HSPs）的蛋白表达，还测定了微核（MN）和核异常（NA）。另外，在实验组的外周血细胞中观察到了遗传毒性效应，如微核和核异常的存在。结果表明，在较低浓度的L-Arg下，与孵化第8天和第18天相比，孵化第14天的存活率、孵化率以及体重均有所增加。此外，在相同注射浓度（100μg/μL/蛋）下，孵化第14天的SGOT和SGPT水平也显著（<0.05）升高。另外，与其他天数相比，孵化第14天的免疫球蛋白（IgM）水平有所升高。当用100μg、1000μg和2500μg/μL/蛋等所有不同剂量（分别为3T1、3T2和3T3）处理时，肝脏中HSP-47、HSP-60和HSP-70的蛋白表达在孵化后第14天显著下调，而成肌素和生肌决定蛋白（MyoD）的表达则显著上调。然而，低剂量L-Arg处理在孵化第14天下调了这些蛋白的表达水平。苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色的肝脏组织病理学显示，在3T1、3T2和3T3组中观察到了大部分肝脏损伤，特别是胞浆内空泡。孵化第14天100μg/mL/蛋的最小剂量显著预防了胞浆内空泡损伤。这些结果表明，在孵化期第14天卵内注射（100μg/μL/蛋）的L-Arg可能是增加雏鸡体重、孵化率、肌肉生长相关蛋白并通过增加IgM促进免疫反应的有效方法。
