Phillips A, Mant D
Department of Community Medicine, Aylesbury Vale Health District, Oxford.
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 Oct 31;295(6606):1101-4. doi: 10.1136/bmj.295.6606.1101.
Surveys to evaluate risk factors for disease in the general population are popular with health authorities for assessing the effectiveness of their preventive measures. A contact survey of the lifestyles of 2000 randomly selected patients aged 25-64 was conducted in five general practices over 18 months; the medical records of the patients selected were tagged, and when the patients first visited the surgery they were given a questionnaire by the receptionists, which they completed in the waiting room. Over the 18 months at least 1400 of these patients visited the practices, of whom 1106 (55%) completed a questionnaire and 20 refused to do so; 896 (81%) completed it within one year. Information on the patients who were not surveyed was obtained by sending the questionnaire by post and by audit of medical records. The population surveyed on contact with the surgeries contained a higher proportion of young women, and possibly a higher proportion of patients from social classes IIIM-V, than the other patients. No important or consistent bias towards unhealthy patients at high risk was identified in the contact survey. A one year contact survey of a random, tagged sample is feasible in estimating the risk factors in a population and may be the method of choice in general practice because of its low cost and adaptability.
评估普通人群疾病风险因素的调查很受卫生当局欢迎，用于评估其预防措施的有效性。在18个月内，对五家普通诊所中随机抽取的2000名年龄在25至64岁之间的患者的生活方式进行了接触式调查；所选患者的病历被标记，患者首次就诊时，接待员会给他们一份问卷，他们在候诊室完成问卷。在这18个月里，至少有1400名患者到这些诊所就诊，其中1106名（55%）完成了问卷，20名拒绝填写；896名（81%）在一年内完成了问卷。通过邮寄问卷和查阅病历获得了未接受调查患者的信息。与诊所接触的被调查人群中，年轻女性的比例较高，可能来自社会阶层IIIM - V的患者比例也高于其他患者。在接触式调查中，未发现对高风险不健康患者有重要或一致的偏见。对随机标记样本进行为期一年的接触式调查，在估计人群中的风险因素方面是可行的，由于其成本低和适应性强，可能是一般实践中的首选方法。
