Fungal endocarditis: what do we know in 2019?

Fungal endocarditis (FE) is an infrequent but a lethal condition. Candida and Aspergillus species are the 2 most commonly implicated pathogenic fungi. Clinical presentation is most often that of a fever of unknown origin, which is hard to differentiate from bacterial endocarditis. The diagnosis of FE is extremely challenging and now shifting towards molecular diagnostic techniques. Rapid and aggressive treatment with a combination of antifungal therapy and surgical debridement is imperative to improve outcomes.