Nunes Camilla Magnoni Moretto, Ferreira Camila Lopes, Bernardo Daniella Vicensotto, Oblack Gabriel Barbosa, Longo Mariéllen, Santamaria Mauro Pedrine, Jardini Maria Aparecida Neves
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de São José dos Campos, curso de Odontologia, disciplina de Periodontia, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brasil.
J Appl Oral Sci. 2019 Jun 13;27:e20180621. doi: 10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0621.
Considering the global public health problem of smoking, which can negatively influence bone tissue repair, the aim of this study is to analyze the influence of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) on calvaria defects created surgically in specimens under the effect of cigarette smoke and analyzed with use of histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry techniques.
Calvaria defects 4.1 mm in diameter were surgically created in the calvaria of 90-day-old rats (n=60) that were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups containing 15 animals each: control group (C), smoking group (S), laser group (L), and smoke associated with laser group (S+L). The animals were subjected to surgery for calvaria defects and underwent PBM, being evaluated at 21, 45, and 60 days post-surgery. The specimens were then processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemistry analyses. The area of bone neoformation (ABN), percentage of bone neoformation (PBNF), and the remaining distance between the edges of the defects (D) were analyzed histometrically. Quantitative analysis of the TRAP immunolabeled cells was also performed. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in conjunction with Tukey's test to verify the statistical differences between groups (p<0.05).
The smoking group showed less ABN compared to the other experimental groups in all periods, and it also showed more D at 21 days compared to the remaining groups and at 45 days compared to the laser group. The smoking group showed a lower PNBF compared to the laser group in all experimental periods and compared to smoking combined with LLLT group at 21 days.
PBM acted on bone biomodulation, thus stimulating new bone formation and compensating for the negative factor of smoking, which can be used as a supportive therapy during bone repair processes.
鉴于吸烟这一全球性公共卫生问题会对骨组织修复产生负面影响，本研究旨在分析光生物调节疗法（PBM）对在香烟烟雾影响下通过手术在标本上制造的颅骨缺损的影响，并采用组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学技术进行分析。
在90日龄大鼠（n = 60）的颅骨上通过手术制造直径4.1毫米的颅骨缺损，这些大鼠被随机分为4个实验组，每组15只动物：对照组（C）、吸烟组（S）、激光组（L）和吸烟与激光联合组（S + L）。对动物进行颅骨缺损手术并接受PBM治疗，在术后21天、45天和60天进行评估。然后对标本进行组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学分析。通过组织测量法分析骨新形成面积（ABN）、骨新形成百分比（PBNF）以及缺损边缘之间的剩余距离（D）。还对抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRAP）免疫标记细胞进行了定量分析。数据采用方差分析（ANOVA）并结合Tukey检验，以验证组间的统计学差异（p < 0.05）。
在所有时间段内，吸烟组的ABN均低于其他实验组，并且在21天时与其余组相比D更大，在45天时与激光组相比D更大。在所有实验时间段内，吸烟组的PNBF均低于激光组，在21天时与低强度激光疗法联合吸烟组相比也更低。
PBM对骨生物调节起作用，从而刺激新骨形成并抵消吸烟的负面因素，可在骨修复过程中用作辅助治疗。
