Department of Anatomy, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
Brighton & Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
J Anat. 2019 Oct;235(4):847-860. doi: 10.1111/joa.13023. Epub 2019 Jun 20.
A modified Delphi methodology was used to develop a consensus regarding a series of learning outcome statements to act as the foundation of an undergraduate medical core embryology syllabus. A Delphi panel was formed by recruiting stakeholders with experience in leading undergraduate teaching of medical students. The panel (n = 18), including anatomists, embryologists and practising clinicians, were nominated by members of Council and/or the Education Committee of the Anatomical Society. Following development of an a priori set of learning outcome statements (n = 62) by the authors, panel members were asked in the first of a two-stage process to 'accept', 'reject' or 'modify' each learning outcome, to propose additional outcomes if desired. In the second stage, the panel was asked to either accept or reject 16 statements which had either been modified, or had failed to reach consensus, during the first Delphi round. Overall, 61 of 62 learning outcome statements, each linked to examples of clinical conditions to provide context, achieved an 80% level of agreement following the modified Delphi process and were therefore deemed accepted for inclusion within the syllabus. The proposed syllabus allows for flexibility within individual curricula, while still prioritising and focusing on the core level of knowledge of embryological processes by presenting the essential elements to all newly qualified doctors, regardless of their subsequent chosen specialty.
采用改良版德尔菲法(Delphi methodology)就一系列学习成果陈述达成共识,以此作为本科医学核心胚胎学教学大纲的基础。通过招募具有主导医学生本科教学经验的利益相关者,成立了一个德尔菲专家组。该专家组(n=18)成员包括解剖学家、胚胎学家和执业临床医生,由解剖学会理事会和/或教育委员会的成员提名。在作者预先制定了一套学习成果陈述(n=62)后,专家组在两轮投票中的第一轮被要求“接受”、“拒绝”或“修改”每个学习成果,并在有需要时提出其他成果。在第二轮投票中,专家组被要求接受或拒绝在第一轮德尔菲投票中经过修改或未能达成共识的 16 项陈述。经过改良版德尔菲法,62 项学习成果陈述中有 61 项达到 80%的共识水平,因此被视为可纳入教学大纲。该教学大纲允许在个别课程中具有一定的灵活性,同时通过向所有新获得行医资格的医生呈现胚胎学过程的核心知识要素,无论他们随后选择的专业如何,仍然优先和专注于这一核心水平的知识。