Department of Medical Education, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK.
Department of Pediatrics, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital, Brighton, UK.
Anat Sci Educ. 2022 Nov;15(6):993-1006. doi: 10.1002/ase.2126. Epub 2021 Dec 1.
Anatomical education in the United Kingdom (UK) and Ireland has long been under scrutiny, especially since the reforms triggered in 1993 by the General Medical Council's "Tomorrow's Doctors." The aim of the current study was to investigate the state of medical student anatomy education in the UK and Ireland in 2019. In all, 39 medical schools completed the survey (100% response rate) and trained 10,093 medical students per year cohort. The teachers comprised 760 individuals, of these 143 were employed on full-time teaching contracts and 103 were employed on education and research contracts. Since a previous survey in 1999, the number of part-time staff has increased by 300%, including a significant increase in the number of anatomy demonstrators. In 2019, anatomy was predominantly taught to medical students in either a system-based or hybrid curriculum. In all, 34 medical schools (87%) used human cadavers to teach anatomy, with a total of 1,363 donors being used per annum. Gross anatomy teaching was integrated with medical imaging in 95% of medical schools, embryology in 81%, living anatomy in 78%, neuroanatomy in 73%, and histology in 68.3%. Throughout their five years of study, medical students are allocated on average 85 h of taught time for gross anatomy, 24 h for neuroanatomy, 24 h for histology, 11 h for living anatomy, and 10 for embryology. In the past 20 years, there has been an average loss of 39 h dedicated to gross anatomy teaching and a reduction in time dedicated to all other anatomy sub-disciplines.
英国和爱尔兰的解剖学教育一直备受关注，尤其是自 1993 年总医学理事会（General Medical Council）的“明日医生”（Tomorrow's Doctors）改革以来。本研究旨在调查 2019 年英国和爱尔兰医学生解剖学教育的现状。共有 39 所医学院完成了调查（100%的回复率），每年培训 10093 名医学生。教师由 760 人组成，其中 143 人受雇于全职教学合同，103 人受雇于教育和研究合同。自 1999 年上一次调查以来，兼职人员的数量增加了 300%，其中解剖学示教人数量显著增加。2019 年，解剖学主要以基于系统或混合课程的形式教授给医学生。共有 34 所医学院（87%）使用人体尸体教授解剖学，每年使用的捐献者总数为 1363 人。95%的医学院将大体解剖教学与医学影像学相结合，81%与胚胎学相结合，78%与活体解剖学相结合，73%与神经解剖学相结合，68.3%与组织学相结合。在五年的学习中，医学生平均分配 85 小时用于大体解剖学教学、24 小时用于神经解剖学教学、24 小时用于组织学教学、11 小时用于活体解剖学教学和 10 小时用于胚胎学教学。在过去的 20 年里，专门用于大体解剖学教学的时间平均减少了 39 小时，用于所有其他解剖学分支学科的时间也减少了。
