McDonald Gerren K, Moser Cheryl A, Giesbrecht Gordon G
1Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
2Gupta Faculty of Kinesiology and Applied Health, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3B2E9 Canada.
Inj Epidemiol. 2019 Jun 3;6:21. doi: 10.1186/s40621-019-0192-0. eCollection 2019.
Vehicle submersions account for up to 10% of all drownings in high-income countries. Reports indicate that occupants may be conscious and functional, but possibly making incorrect decisions for self-rescue leading to drowning. This study investigated current public knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding vehicle submersion incidents and to determine if individuals, who are aware of educational efforts regarding vehicle submersions, indicated better responses.
A knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) survey was developed based on previous findings and guidelines from (Automobile submersion: Lessons In Vehicle Escape) for vehicle submersion incidents.
The majority of respondents (87%) had knowledge of vehicle submersions from the media, but they were not aware (94%) of an effective self-rescue protocol. Respondents felt they had low risk of involvement in a vehicle submersion, and that the chance of survival was likely. Most respondents selected a "successful" initial action for escape; however, other responses indicate the chances of completing a successful self-rescue sequence was less likely. Only 45% of respondents were "aware" of educational initiatives, and this awareness did not generally produce better responses.
Public understanding of vehicle submersion incidents is low and current public education efforts have not increased awareness in the severity or the urgency for performing self-rescue in this scenario. Simply increasing public knowledge of "SWOC" ("SEATBELTS" off, "WINDOWS" open, "OUT" immediately, "CHILDREN" first) would help to decrease the high fatality rate associated with this type of road traffic accident.
在高收入国家，车辆沉没事故占溺水死亡总数的比例高达10%。报告显示，车内人员可能意识清醒且行动自如，但可能会做出错误的自救决策，从而导致溺水。本研究调查了公众对车辆沉没事故的现有认知、态度和做法，并确定那些知晓有关车辆沉没事故教育工作的个人是否表现出更好的应对能力。
根据以往的研究结果以及《汽车沉没：车辆逃生的经验教训》中的指导方针，制定了一项关于车辆沉没事故的知识、态度和做法（KAP）调查。
大多数受访者（87%）通过媒体了解过车辆沉没事故，但他们并不知晓（94%）有效的自救方案。受访者认为自己遭遇车辆沉没事故的风险较低，且存活的可能性较大。大多数受访者选择了“成功”的初始逃生行动；然而，其他回答表明，完成成功自救流程的可能性较小。只有45%的受访者“知晓”相关教育举措，而这种知晓通常并未带来更好的应对能力。
公众对车辆沉没事故的了解程度较低，当前的公众教育工作并未提高人们对这种情况下进行自救的严重性和紧迫性的认识。仅仅提高公众对“SWOC”（解开“安全带”、打开“车窗”、立即“逃生”、先救“儿童”）的认识，将有助于降低这类道路交通事故的高死亡率。
