Gverović Antunica Antonela, Bućan Kajo, Kaštelan Snježana, Kaštelan Helena, Ivanković Mira, Šikić Maja
Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital Dubrovnik, Dubrovnik, Croatia.
University Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital Split, Split, Croatia.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2019 Jun;27(2):160-164. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5213.
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness. We estimated the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among a diabetic population in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County in the Republic of Croatia and searched for potential risk factors.
A prospective study was performed with 600 diabetic patients from different parts of the Dubrovnik-Neretva County who attended regular medical and ophthalmological check-ups at the General Hospital Dubrovnik from September 2014 to September 2015. Patients underwent a complete medical assessment by two ophthalmologists. Retinal examination included evaluation of the presence of diabetic retinopathy. Any retinopathy present was graded as mild non-proliferative retinopathy, moderate-severe non proliferative retinopathy or proliferative retinopathy.
Retinopathy was present in 44.5% of the study sample. 20.7% had the mild form of diabetic retinopathy, 18.8% had the moderate-severe form, and 5.0% had proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The mean duration of diabetes was 12.94 years ± 6.85; 12.89 years ± 9.18 in men, 12.94 ± 6.54 in women. The mean BMI was 27.14 ± 2.98; for diabetics without diabetic retinopathy 26.19 ± 2.75; for those with the mild form 28.06 ± 3.01; for those with the moderate-severe form 28.49 ± 2.54; for those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy 28.79 ± 3.16. 168 (28%) patients were treated by laser and 22 (3.7%) by vitrectomy.
The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the Dubrovnik-Neretva County is 44.5%. Regular screening to detect diabetic retinopathy is highly recommended as timely intervention can prevent most diabetic causes of blindness.
糖尿病视网膜病变是导致失明的主要原因之一。我们估算了克罗地亚共和国杜布罗夫尼克-内雷特瓦县糖尿病患者群体中糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率，并寻找潜在风险因素。
对来自杜布罗夫尼克-内雷特瓦县不同地区的600名糖尿病患者进行了一项前瞻性研究，这些患者于2014年9月至2015年9月在杜布罗夫尼克综合医院接受定期医疗和眼科检查。患者由两名眼科医生进行全面的医学评估。视网膜检查包括对糖尿病视网膜病变的存在情况进行评估。存在的任何视网膜病变被分为轻度非增殖性视网膜病变、中度至重度非增殖性视网膜病变或增殖性视网膜病变。
研究样本中44.5%存在视网膜病变。20.7%患有轻度糖尿病视网膜病变，18.8%患有中度至重度病变，5.0%患有增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变。糖尿病平均病程为12.94年±6.85；男性为12.89年±9.18，女性为12.94±6.54。平均体重指数为27.14±2.98；无糖尿病视网膜病变的糖尿病患者为26.19±2.75；轻度病变患者为28.06±3.01；中度至重度病变患者为28.49±2.54；增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变患者为28.79±3.16。168名（28%）患者接受了激光治疗，22名（3.7%）接受了玻璃体切除术。
杜布罗夫尼克-内雷特瓦县糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率为44.5%。强烈建议定期筛查以检测糖尿病视网膜病变，因为及时干预可预防大多数糖尿病导致的失明。
