From the Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, CA.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Jul;39(7):1317-1329. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.312265. Epub 2019 May 9.
Endothelial cells (ECs) are critical for several aspects of cardiovascular disease therapy, including vascular regeneration, personalized drug development, and tissue engineering. Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) afford us with an unprecedented opportunity to produce virtually unlimited quantities of human ECs. In this review, we highlight key developments and outstanding challenges in our ability to derive ECs de novo from hPSCs. Furthermore, we consider strategies for recapitulating the vessel- and tissue-specific functional heterogeneity of ECs in vitro. Finally, we discuss ongoing attempts to utilize hPSC-derived ECs and their progenitors for various therapeutic applications. Continued progress in generating hPSC-derived ECs will profoundly enhance our ability to discover novel drug targets, revascularize ischemic tissues, and engineer clinically relevant tissue constructs. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
内皮细胞（ECs）在心血管疾病治疗的多个方面都至关重要，包括血管再生、个性化药物开发和组织工程。人类多能干细胞（hPSCs）为我们提供了一个前所未有的机会，能够从 hPSCs 中大量产生几乎无限数量的人类 ECs。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了从 hPSCs 中从头诱导 ECs 的关键进展和突出挑战。此外，我们还考虑了在体外再现 ECs 的血管和组织特异性功能异质性的策略。最后，我们讨论了利用 hPSC 衍生的 ECs 及其祖细胞进行各种治疗应用的当前尝试。在生成 hPSC 衍生的 ECs 方面取得持续进展，将极大地提高我们发现新的药物靶点、使缺血组织再血管化和构建临床相关组织构建体的能力。
