Alves Filho Elenilson, Silva Lorena Mara, Lima Ynayara, Ribeiro Paulo, Silva Ebenézer, Zocolo Guilherme, Canuto Kirley, Morais Selene, Castro Ana Cecília, de Brito Edy
Department of Food Engineering, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE 60020-181, Brazil.
Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra Sara Mesquita, 2270, Pici, Fortaleza-CE 60511-110, Brazil.
Metabolites. 2019 Jun 25;9(6):121. doi: 10.3390/metabo9060121.
The objective of the present work was to develop an advanced fast phenotyping tool to explore the cashew apple compositions from different genotypes, based on a portable near-infrared (MicroNIR) spectroscopy. This will be in addition to associating the variability of the respective cashew apple pulps with the genotypes by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The NIR analysis is a non-destructive, low-cost procedure that provides prompt results, while considering the morphology of different cashew apples (shape, size, and color). The UPLC-HRMS analysis is characterized by specific bioactive compounds, such as the derivatives of hydroxybutanoic acid, galloyl, and flavonoids. Furthermore, both techniques allowed the identification of a group of accessions, which presented similarities among the chemical profiling. However, to improve the understanding of cashew chemical and physical variability, further variables related to the cashew apple composition, such as edaphoclimatic conditions, should be considered for future studies. These approaches lead to the conclusion that these two tools are useful for the maintenance of BAG-Caju (Cashew Germplasm Bank) and for the cashew-breeding program.
本研究的目的是开发一种先进的快速表型分析工具，基于便携式近红外（MicroNIR）光谱技术，探索不同基因型腰果苹果的成分。此外，还将通过超高效液相色谱（UPLC）结合高分辨率质谱（HRMS），将各腰果苹果果肉的变异性与基因型相关联。近红外分析是一种无损、低成本的方法，能快速得出结果，同时考虑了不同腰果苹果的形态（形状、大小和颜色）。UPLC-HRMS分析的特点是能鉴定特定的生物活性化合物，如羟基丁酸、没食子酰基和黄酮类化合物的衍生物。此外，这两种技术都能鉴定出一组在化学图谱上具有相似性的种质。然而，为了更好地理解腰果的化学和物理变异性，未来的研究应考虑与腰果苹果成分相关的其他变量，如土壤气候条件。这些方法得出的结论是，这两种工具对维护BAG-Caju（腰果种质库）和腰果育种计划很有用。
