Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, av. Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, CEP 60511-110, Planalto Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Food Chem. 2013 May 1;138(1):25-31. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.028. Epub 2012 Nov 2.
Cashew apple fibrous residue is a by-product of the cashew juice industry. After pressing using a helical type continuous press followed by crossflow microfiltration, an aqueous extract was obtained from these cashew apple fibres. It was characterised by an intense yellow colour due to carotenoid pigments. Carotenoids were identified and quantified in the cashew apple before extraction, in its aqueous extract and in the concentrate obtained by microfiltration. Cashew apple aqueous extract and its concentrate presented a carotenoid profile with 11 carotenoids, most of them were tentatively identified by HPLC-DAD-MS and are xanthophylls present under an esterified form. Auroxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin represented around 50% of total carotenoids. Concentration of the extract by microfiltration led to epoxy-furanoxy rearrangement of violaxanthin and antheraxanthin. The process allowed an increase of 10 times total carotenoid content compared with initial cashew apple. Total carotenoid content of the final concentrated extract reached 54 mg/kg.
腰果果皮纤维残渣是腰果果汁产业的副产品。采用螺旋连续压榨机和错流微滤对腰果进行压榨后，从腰果果皮纤维中获得水提物。由于类胡萝卜素色素的存在，该水提物呈现出浓郁的黄色。在提取前、在水提物和微滤获得的浓缩物中，对腰果果皮中的类胡萝卜素进行了鉴定和定量分析。腰果果皮水提物及其浓缩物的类胡萝卜素图谱中含有 11 种类胡萝卜素，其中大部分通过 HPLC-DAD-MS 被初步鉴定为以酯化形式存在的叶黄素。叶黄素和β-隐黄质约占总类胡萝卜素的 50%。通过微滤浓缩提取物导致了紫黄质和玉米黄质的环氧呋喃氧基重排。与初始腰果相比，该工艺使总类胡萝卜素含量增加了 10 倍。最终浓缩提取物中的总类胡萝卜素含量达到 54mg/kg。
