Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nutr Diet. 2020 Apr;77(2):223-230. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12564. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
Men with prostate cancer undergoing radiotherapy may experience acute and late bowel symptoms. Nutrition interventions have shown some benefits, however, adherence tends to decline over time. Qualitative studies, carried out after an intervention, are important to help explain trial results. The aim of the present study was to explore patient experience of participating in a nutrition intervention in a randomised controlled trial, with a focus on facilitators and barriers to adherence.
Semistructured interviews were conducted with 15 men with prostate cancer recruited from a randomised controlled trial on a nutrition intervention during radiotherapy. Interviews were analysed with content analysis with an inductive approach.
The informants were motivated to make dietary changes to avoid bowel symptoms. Social support, a feeling of contributing to the greater good, prior knowledge, dietary information and a small need for behaviour change facilitated adherence. Feeling limited, wanting to decide for themselves, the timing of the intervention, unmet expectations of dietary advice and loss of motivation, were described as barriers for adherence.
Future nutrition intervention trials may benefit from involving significant others to a greater degree, as well as offering pre-set recipes and strategies to manage social events, and more sessions with the dietitian for patients in need of more support. Tailored interventions based on the individual's preferences, context and prior knowledge about food may further facilitate adherence.
接受放疗的前列腺癌男性可能会出现急性和迟发性肠症状。营养干预措施已经显示出一些益处，但随着时间的推移，依从性往往会下降。在干预措施实施后进行的定性研究对于帮助解释试验结果非常重要。本研究旨在探讨参与随机对照试验中营养干预的患者体验，重点关注依从性的促进因素和障碍。
从一项关于放疗期间营养干预的随机对照试验中招募了 15 名前列腺癌男性参与者进行半结构化访谈。采用归纳法的内容分析法对访谈进行分析。
参与者有动力改变饮食以避免肠症状。社会支持、为大局做贡献的感觉、先前的知识、饮食信息和较小的行为改变需求促进了依从性。感到受限、想要自己做决定、干预的时间、对饮食建议的期望未得到满足以及失去动力被描述为依从性的障碍。
未来的营养干预试验可能受益于更大程度地让重要他人参与，提供预设的食谱和策略来应对社交活动，以及为需要更多支持的患者提供更多与营养师的会面。基于个体的偏好、背景和对食物的先前知识的个性化干预可能会进一步促进依从性。
