Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2019 Jun 12;10:1328. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01328. eCollection 2019.
Accumulating clinical and experimental evidences have demonstrated that both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), in which the role of immunity is to fuel the inflammation and to drive the progression of ALD. Various immune cells are implicated in the pathogenesis of ALD. The activation of innate immune cells induced by alcohol and adaptive immune response triggered by oxidative modification of hepatic constituents facilitate the persistent hepatic inflammation. Meanwhile, the suppressed antigen-presenting capability of various innate immune cells and impaired function of T cells may consequently lead to an increased risk of infection in the patients with advanced ALD. In this review, we summarized the significant recent findings of immune cells participating in ALD. The pathways and molecules involved in the regulation of specific immune cells, and novel mediators protecting the liver from alcoholic injury via affecting these cells are particularly highlighted. This review aims to update the knowledge about immunity in the pathogenesis of ALD, which may facilitate to enhancement of currently available interventions for ALD treatment.
越来越多的临床和实验证据表明，固有免疫和适应性免疫都参与了酒精性肝病（ALD）的发病机制，免疫的作用是引发炎症并推动 ALD 的进展。各种免疫细胞都与 ALD 的发病机制有关。酒精诱导的固有免疫细胞激活和肝成分氧化修饰触发的适应性免疫反应促进了持续的肝炎症。同时，各种固有免疫细胞抗原呈递能力的抑制和 T 细胞功能的受损可能导致晚期 ALD 患者感染的风险增加。在这篇综述中，我们总结了参与 ALD 的免疫细胞的重要最新发现。特别强调了调节特定免疫细胞的途径和分子，以及通过影响这些细胞来保护肝脏免受酒精损伤的新型介质。本综述旨在更新关于免疫在 ALD 发病机制中的知识，这可能有助于增强目前用于治疗 ALD 的干预措施。
