a Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK.
b RcDavies Evidence-Based Medicine , Lagos , Nigeria.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2019;45(5):438-450. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1628244. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
: Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, has reported relatively high levels of alcohol misuse, yet limited resources to guide effective population-wide response. There is a need to integrate existing empirical information in order to increase the power and precision of estimating epidemiological evidence necessary for informing policies and developing prevention programs. : We aimed to estimate nationwide and zonal prevalence of harmful use of alcohol in Nigeria to inform public health policy and planning. : Epidemiologic reports on alcohol use in Nigeria from 1990 through 2018 were systematically searched and abstracted. We employed random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression model to determine the number of harmful alcohol users. 35 studies (n = 37,576 Nigerians) were identified. Pooled crude prevalence of harmful use of alcohol was 34.3% (95% CI: 28.6-40.1); twice as high among men (43.9%, 31.1-56.8) compared to women (23.9%, 16.4-31.4). Harmful alcohol use was higher in rural settings (40.1%, 24.2-56.1) compared to urban settings (31.2%, 22.9-39.6). The number of harmful alcohol users aged ≥15 years increased from 24 to 34 million from 1995 to 2015. However, actual age-adjusted prevalence of harmful use of alcohol in Nigeria decreased from 38.5% to 32.6% over the twenty-year period. : While the prevalence of the total population that drinks harmfully appears to be dropping, absolute number of individuals that would be classified as harmful drinkers is increasing. This finding highlights the complexity of identifying and advocating for substance abuse policies in rapidly changing demographic settings common in Africa, Asia, and other developing countries.
尼日利亚是非洲人口最多的国家，据报道存在较高水平的酒精滥用问题，但却缺乏有效的资源来指导全面的应对措施。为了提高评估必要的流行病学证据的效力和精度，以指导政策制定和预防计划的制定，有必要整合现有的实证信息。
我们旨在估计尼日利亚全国和地区范围内有害饮酒的流行情况，以为公共卫生政策和规划提供信息。
系统地搜索和摘要了 1990 年至 2018 年期间尼日利亚关于酒精使用的流行病学报告。我们采用随机效应荟萃分析和荟萃回归模型来确定有害饮酒者的数量。确定了 35 项研究（n=37576 名尼日利亚人）。有害饮酒的总体粗患病率为 34.3%（95%CI：28.6-40.1）；男性（43.9%，31.1-56.8）是女性（23.9%，16.4-31.4）的两倍。与城市环境（31.2%，22.9-39.6）相比，农村环境（40.1%，24.2-56.1）的有害饮酒情况更高。1995 年至 2015 年，年龄≥15 岁的有害饮酒者人数从 2400 万增加到 3400 万。然而，在这二十年中，尼日利亚有害饮酒的实际年龄调整患病率从 38.5%下降到 32.6%。
虽然总体人口中有害饮酒的流行率似乎在下降，但被归类为有害饮酒者的个体数量正在增加。这一发现强调了在非洲、亚洲和其他发展中国家常见的快速变化的人口环境中，确定和倡导药物滥用政策的复杂性。
