Obot I S
Department of Mental Hygiene, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, 624 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
J Subst Abuse. 2000;12(1-2):169-81. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(00)00047-x.
As in most other societies, alcoholic beverages have been consumed in what is present-day Nigeria for a long time. Before the arrival of western factory-made drinks, alcohol consumption was limited to a variety of beverages produced from palm trees and food grains. Today, beer has become the most popular drink in the country but traditional beverages (palm wine, burukutu, ogogoro, pito) are still widely consumed in both rural and urban areas. Though research has shown that heavy drinking seems to be the norm among those who drink any type of alcohol, there is no clear association between drinking and social or health problems. On the other hand, certain types of beverages are linked with positive attributes. Despite their potential significance, these and other issues have not received the attention they deserve in the alcohol research literature on Nigeria and other African countries. The focus of this paper is on the need to take into consideration relevant measurement issues (e.g., container and serving size, alcohol contents, drinking expectancies, perceived risks associated with the consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages, as well as reasons for drinking) in alcohol research. It is suggested that a better understanding of these and related factors is necessary for the advancement of alcohol epidemiology in the country.
和大多数其他社会一样，在当今的尼日利亚，酒精饮料的消费由来已久。在西方工厂生产的饮料到来之前，酒精消费仅限于各种用棕榈树和粮食酿造的饮料。如今，啤酒已成为该国最受欢迎的饮品，但传统饮料（棕榈酒、布吕库图酒、奥戈戈罗酒、皮托酒）在农村和城市地区仍被广泛饮用。尽管研究表明，酗酒似乎是饮用任何类型酒精饮料者的常态，但饮酒与社会或健康问题之间并没有明显的关联。另一方面，某些类型的饮料与积极属性相关联。尽管它们具有潜在的重要性，但在关于尼日利亚和其他非洲国家的酒精研究文献中，这些及其他问题并未得到应有的关注。本文的重点是在酒精研究中需要考虑相关的测量问题（例如，容器和饮用量、酒精含量、饮酒预期、与饮用不同类型酒精饮料相关的感知风险以及饮酒原因）。建议更好地理解这些及相关因素对于该国酒精流行病学的发展是必要的。
