APIN Public Health Initiatives, Abuja, Nigeria.
Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 30;15(11):e0242870. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242870. eCollection 2020.
The prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria is high and growing. The burden and risk factor distribution also vary by geographical zone. Information about prevalence, risk factors and disease status awareness are needed to guide evidence based public health response at the national and sub- national levels.
This paper describes the prevalence of hypertension and its correlates, as well as hypertension status awareness among men in North Central, Nigeria.
A cross sectional survey was administered to male partners of pregnant women participating in the Healthy Beginning Initiative program from 2016-2018. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, physical measurement and blood pressure readings were collected using a standardized protocol. Data was analyzed with simple and multiple logistic regression.
The 6,538 men had a median age of 31 years [IQR: 26-37]. The prevalence of hypertension was 23.3% (95% CI: 22.3%-24.4%), while 46.7% had prehypertension. The odds of hypertension was associated with increasing age (OR:1.02, CI:1.01-1.03), being overweight (aOR:1.5,CI:1.3-1.8), being obese (aOR:2.6,CI:2.0-3.3), living in an urban area (aOR:1.6,CI:1.2-2.1), and alcohol use in the 30 days prior (aOR:1.2,CI:1.1-1.4). Overall, 4.5% (297/6,528) of participants had ever been told they have hypertension. Among the 23.3% (1,527/6,528) with hypertension, 7.1% (109/1,527) were aware of their disease status. Men aged 41-50 years (aOR: 1.8, CI: 1.0-3.3), and > 50 years (aOR: 2.2, CI: 1.1-4.3), had higher odds disease status awareness. Living in an urban area was associated with lower odds (aOR: 0.2, CI: 0.03-0.7) of hypertension status awareness.
This study showed that hypertension is already a significant public health burden in this population and that disease awareness level is very low. Alcohol use and obesity were associated with hypertension, highlighting some modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors that are prevalent in the study population. Taken together, these findings can inform the design of interventions for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in Nigeria and similar settings.
尼日利亚的高血压患病率很高，且呈上升趋势。负担和风险因素的分布也因地理位置的不同而有所差异。为了指导国家和次国家层面基于证据的公共卫生应对措施，我们需要了解高血压的患病率、风险因素和疾病知晓情况。
本文描述了尼日利亚中北部地区男性高血压的患病率及其相关因素，以及高血压知晓情况。
我们对 2016 年至 2018 年期间参与“健康开端倡议”项目的孕妇的男性伴侣进行了横断面调查。使用标准化方案收集了社会人口统计学特征、风险因素、身体测量和血压读数等信息。采用简单和多因素逻辑回归进行数据分析。
共有 6538 名男性，中位数年龄为 31 岁[IQR：26-37]。高血压的患病率为 23.3%（95%CI：22.3%-24.4%），而 46.7%的人患有前期高血压。高血压的发病风险与年龄增长（OR：1.02，95%CI：1.01-1.03）、超重（aOR：1.5，95%CI：1.3-1.8）、肥胖（aOR：2.6，95%CI：2.0-3.3）、居住在城市地区（aOR：1.6，95%CI：1.2-2.1）和调查前 30 天饮酒（aOR：1.2，95%CI：1.1-1.4）有关。总体而言，4.5%（297/6528）的参与者曾被告知患有高血压。在 23.3%（1527/6528）的高血压患者中，7.1%（109/1527）知晓自己的疾病状况。41-50 岁（aOR：1.8，95%CI：1.0-3.3）和>50 岁（aOR：2.2，95%CI：1.1-4.3）的男性更有可能知晓自己的疾病状况。居住在城市地区与高血压知晓率较低有关（aOR：0.2，95%CI：0.03-0.7）。
本研究表明，高血压在该人群中已经是一个严重的公共卫生负担，且疾病知晓率非常低。饮酒和肥胖与高血压有关，这突出了一些在研究人群中普遍存在的可改变的心血管疾病风险因素。综上所述，这些发现可以为尼日利亚和类似环境下的心血管疾病一级和二级预防干预措施的设计提供信息。
