National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2019 Sep 1;127(3):858-866. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00340.2019. Epub 2019 Jun 27.
Redox enzymes modulate intracellular redox balance and are secreted in response to cellular oxidative stress, potentially modulating systemic inflammation. Both aerobic and resistance exercise are known to cause acute systemic oxidative stress and inflammation; however, how redox enzyme concentrations alter in extracellular fluids following bouts of either type of exercise is unknown. Recreationally active men ( = 26, mean ± SD: age 28 ± 8 yr) took part in either: 1) two separate energy-matched cycling bouts: one of moderate intensity (MOD) and a bout of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) or 2) an eccentric-based resistance exercise protocol (RES). Alterations in plasma (study 1) and serum (study 2) peroxiredoxin (PRDX)-2, PRDX-4, superoxide dismutase-3 (SOD3), thioredoxin (TRX-1), TRX-reductase and interleukin (IL)-6 were assessed before and at various timepoints after exercise. There was a significant increase in SOD3 (+1.5 ng/mL) and PRDX-4 (+5.9 ng/mL) concentration following HIIE only, peaking at 30- and 60-min post-exercise respectively. TRX-R decreased immediately and 60 min following HIIE (-7.3 ng/mL) and MOD (-8.6 ng/mL), respectively. In non-resistance trained men, no significant changes in redox enzyme concentrations were observed up to 48 h following RES, despite significant muscle damage. IL-6 concentration increased in response to all trials, however there was no significant relationship between absolute or exercise-induced changes in redox enzyme concentrations. These results collectively suggest that HIIE, but not MOD or RES increase the extracellular concentration of PRDX-4 and SOD3. Exercise-induced changes in redox enzyme concentrations do not appear to directly relate to systemic changes in IL-6 concentration. Two studies were conducted to characterize changes in redox enzyme concentrations after single bouts of exercise to investigate the emerging association between extracellular redox enzymes and inflammation. We provide evidence that SOD3 and PRDX-4 concentration increased following high-intensity aerobic but not eccentric-based resistance exercise. Changes were not associated with IL-6. The results provide a platform to investigate the utility of SOD3 and PRDX-4 as biomarkers of oxidative stress following exercise.
氧化还原酶调节细胞内氧化还原平衡，并在细胞氧化应激时分泌，可能调节全身炎症。有氧运动和抗阻运动均已知会引起急性全身氧化应激和炎症；然而，单次运动后氧化还原酶浓度在细胞外液中如何变化尚不清楚。有规律运动的男性（n=26，平均±标准差：年龄 28±8 岁）参与以下两种运动之一：1）两次单独的能量匹配的骑行运动，一次为中等强度（MOD），一次为高强度间歇运动（HIIE），或 2）离心抗阻运动方案（RES）。在运动前和运动后不同时间点评估血浆（研究 1）和血清（研究 2）中过氧化物酶（PRDX）-2、PRDX-4、超氧化物歧化酶-3（SOD3）、硫氧还蛋白（TRX-1）、TRX-还原酶和白细胞介素（IL）-6 的变化。只有 HIIE 后 SOD3（增加 1.5ng/mL）和 PRDX-4（增加 5.9ng/mL）浓度显著增加，分别在运动后 30 和 60 分钟达到峰值。TRX-R 在 HIIE 后立即和 60 分钟（-7.3ng/mL）和 MOD（-8.6ng/mL）时降低。在非抗阻训练的男性中，尽管肌肉损伤明显，但在 RES 后 48 小时内，氧化还原酶浓度没有明显变化。IL-6 浓度随着所有试验而增加，但氧化还原酶浓度的绝对值或运动诱导变化与 IL-6 浓度之间没有显著关系。这些结果表明，高强度有氧运动而非中等强度有氧运动或抗阻运动可增加细胞外 PRDX-4 和 SOD3 的浓度。氧化还原酶浓度的运动诱导变化似乎与 IL-6 浓度的全身变化没有直接关系。进行了两项研究以描述单次运动后氧化还原酶浓度的变化，以研究细胞外氧化还原酶与炎症之间新出现的关联。我们提供的证据表明，高强度有氧运动后 SOD3 和 PRDX-4 浓度增加，但基于离心的抗阻运动后则没有增加。变化与 IL-6 无关。这些结果为研究 SOD3 和 PRDX-4 作为运动后氧化应激的生物标志物的效用提供了一个平台。
